Awc Soc Test Review 4

Front 1

List, define and give an example of the 4 functions of religion (415-16)

Back 1

Legitimize social arrangements-Religion is a representation of society. Explains the nature of social life, the existence of evil and imperfect nature of the world. Attempts to give us answers to the unknown.

Promotes social unity-Glue that hold society together. Society would be chaotic without religion. Sometimes provokes societies to fragment even to the point of civil war.

Provides a sense of meaning-Encourages social unity. Also provides individuals meaning beyond day to day life. People mark important events in life-Births, Marriage, Sexual maturity, and Deaths.

Promotes a sense of belonging-Provides opportunities for people to share significant commonalities-Ideas-Ways of life-Ethnic backgrounds-Supplies a kind of group identity. Provides a sense of community. Churches have events for communities that are not just about religion but about the community like the Amish.

Front 2

List, define and give an example of the 4 basic types of crowds. (552-53)

Back 2

Casual crowd-Least organized-Least emotional-Most temporary type-Share some point of interest, but minor and fades quickly-View aftermath of an accident-Watching someone jumping from a building-Street entertainer.

Conventional crowed-Specific purpose and follows accepted guidelines for appropriate behavior-People watching a movie-Flying a chartered flight to a university game-Watching a tennis match-Little interaction among members of conventional crowds-The face that activity of the conventional crowd follows some established procedures distinguishes this type of crowd from a casual crowd.

Front 3

List, define and give an example of the 4 basic types of crowds. (552-53)

Back 3

Expressive crowd-Have no significant or long-term purpose beyond unleashing emotion- Collectively caught up in a dominating, all-encompassing mood of the moment such as yelling, crying, laughing or jumping. This is the defining characteristic of this type of crowd-Rock concerts-New years at Times Square-Political assemblies-Funeral of famous person.
Acting Crowd-Takes action toward a target-Concentrates intensely on some objective and engages in aggressive, sometimes violent, behavior to achieve it-Protesting abortion-Protesting war.

Front 4

List, define and give an example of the 4 primary types of movements (557)

Back 4

Revolutionary movement-Attempts to change society totally
Reformative movement-Aims to affect only a partial change in a society.
Redemptive movement-Focuses on changing individuals-David Koresh-Branch Davidians
Alternative movement-Seeks only limited changes in individuals-Attempts to persuade people to limit the size of their families, but doesn’t advocate sweeping lifestyle changes nor does it advocate legal penalties for large families.

Front 5

Sacred (413):

Back 5

Entities that are set apart and given a special meaning that transcends immediate human existence.

Front 6

Profane (413):

Back 6

Non-sacred aspects of life-does not mean unholy or defiled but simply commonplace and not involving the supernatural.

Front 7

Sect (421):

Back 7

A religious organization formed when members of an existing religious organization break away in an attempt to reform the “parent” group.

Front 8

Cult (422):

Back 8

A religious organization whose characteristics are not drawn from existing religious traditions within a society.

Front 9

Civil Religion (429):

Back 9

A public religion that expresses a strong tie between a deity and a culture; it is broad enough to encompass almost the entire nation.

Front 10

Age Stratification (469):

Back 10

The age based unequal distribution of scarce desirables in a society.

Front 11

Social Gerontology (471):

Back 11

The scientific study of the social dimensions of aging

Front 12

Hospices (106):

Back 12

Organizations that provide support for the dying and their families

Front 13

HMO (463):

Back 13

Healthcare Maintenance Organization-is an organization that provides or arranges managed care for health insurance, self-funded health care benefit plans, individuals, and other entities in the United States and acts as a liaison with health care providers (hospitals, doctors, etc.) on a prepaid basis.

Front 14

Demography (498):

Back 14

The scientific study of a population.

Front 15

Morbidity (500):

Back 15

Refers to rates of disease and illness in a population.

Front 16

Migration (502):

Back 16

Refers to the movement of people from one geographical area to another for the purpose of establishing a new residence.

Front 17

Urbanization (515):

Back 17

Is the process by which an increasingly larger portion of the world’s population lives in urban areas.

Front 18

Ageism (471):

Back 18

A set of beliefs, attitudes, norms and values used to justify age-based prejudice and discrimination.

Front 19

Suburbanization (517):

Back 19

Which occurs when central cities lose population to the area surrounding them.

Front 20

Rumor (549):

Back 20

A widely circulating story of questionable truth.

Front 21

Mass Hysteria (549):

Back 21

A collective anxiety created by the acceptance of one or more false beliefs.

Front 22

Fads (550):

Back 22

Unusual behavior patterns that spread rapidly, appeal to a particular segment of society and then disappear after a short time.

Front 23

Mobs (553):

Back 23

Is an emotionally stimulated disorderly crowd that is ready to use destructiveness and violence to achieve a specific purpose.

Front 24

Riots (553):

Back 24

Crowd destructiveness and violence-much wider range of activities than mob action.

Front 25

Resource Mobilization (560):

Back 25

The process through which members of a social movement secure and use the resources needed to advance their cause.