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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Conduct disorders
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anti-social problems are age-inappropriate disruptive and rule-violating behavior and attitudes. The child or adolescent usually exhibits these behavior patterns in a variety of settings.
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3 explanations of Conduct and Antisocial Behaviors
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Relatively common
Can be very minor (whining, temper tantrums) Can be very severe (violent outbursts) |
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Conduct Problem Stem from:
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severe conduct problems what we are often looking at is adaptive behavior made to be able to function in neglectful or abusive situations
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3 dimensions of externalizing behavior
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delinquent-aggressive
overt-covert destructive-nondestructive |
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Psychiatric (DSM) perspectives
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persistent pattern of tantrums, arguing, and angry or disruptive behavior toward authority figures that do not meet the criteria for Conduct disorder
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Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
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Age-inappropriate, stubborn, hostile, defiant
temper arguing defiance deliberately annoying blaming others for misbehavior “touchy” or easily annoyed Cannot meet criteria for Conduct Disorder |
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Conduct Disorder (CD) violations
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aggression to people and animals
destruction of property deceitfulness or theft serious violations of rules (e.g., running away, truancy, staying out at night without permission) |
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Antisocial Personality Disorder
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A pervasive disregard for and violation of the rights of others and engagement in multiple illegal acts
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CD vs. ODD vs. later APD
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50% of ODD do not progress into CD
ODD is usually with younger kids; stronger genetic link with CD; treatment more effective with ODD 40% of CD later develop Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) |
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Associated characteristics of conduct problems
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Cognitive and verbal deficits
Normal IQ Empathy Problems: Might impact self-control, labeling of emotions in others Deficits in executive functioning |
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Academic characteristics of Conduct Problems
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underachievement, especially in language and reading
Frustration with school and teachers Associate with other delinquent peers Contribute to conflict at home |
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Self-Esteem and Peer Relations
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Inflated and unstable self-esteem. Volatile when self-esteem is threatened
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Peer Problems related to Conduct Problems
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Aggression toward peers
Rejected Involvement with other antisocial peers Underestimate own aggression, overestimate others’ aggression (hostile attributional bias) often a lack of concern for others |
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Bullying
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Empathy is the ability to feel a connection to another persons feelings, to understand what it means to be in their position
Children who rate high on measures of empathy view bullying more negatively |
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Prevalence & gender differences
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Childhood - 3-4 times more common in boys
Differences decrease/disappear by age 15 Gender differences in aggression? Describe Boys – violent Girls - indirect and relational forms of aggression |
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Neurobiological Causes: Punishment Responsivity
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Diminished fear conditioning, dampened stress reactivity, a hypoactive amygdala, and reduced serotonin expression. This could result in lowered sensitivity to punishment
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Neurobiological Causes of CD: Sympathetic Arousal
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hypofunctional sympathetic nervous system.
This could mean that they need more stimulation to elicit the appropriate response |
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Neurobiological Causes: Executive Function and Motivation
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Hypofunctionalitiy of the prefrontal cortex relating to executive function and signaling to motivational networks (DA)
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