Hall & Elliman (2003) define psychological, emotional and behavioural problems as
‘behaviours or distressed emotions, which are common or normal in children at some stage of development, but become abnormal by virtue of their frequency or severity, or their inappropriateness for a particular child’s age compared to the majority of ordinary children’.
The spectrum of behaviours can vary from very mild to clinically problematic, and their definition and nature often expands beyond the term ‘behavioural problems’ itself to incorporate mental and emotional health problems.
The most prevalent types of disorders disclosed in children are:
1•Emotional disorders, …show more content…
drug and alcohol abuse
(Cummins, McMaster; 2006)
Emotional problems can lead to depression, anxiety and obsessions. Hyperactivity include inattention and over activity. Conduct problems involve troublesome, awkward, aggressive and anti social behaviour. These are the three most common groups of childhood mental health problems . Externalizing behavior problems refers to a grouping of behavior problems that are manifested in children’s outward behavior and reflect the child negatively acting on the external environment(1)(2) (Campbell, Shaw, & Gilliom, 2000; Eisenberg et al., 2001)3. In the research literature, these externalizing disorders consist of disruptive, hyperactive, and aggressive behaviors(3) (Hinshaw, 1987)4 Conduct problem in children is a form of exteriorized behaviour and may be expressed in the form of any of a range of diverse behavioural patterns- from the frequent and intense temper tantrums and persistent disobedience of the difficult child to the delinquent's serious acts of aggression, such as theft, violence and rape. The major characteristic of conduct disorder is the violation of the rights of others and social norms …show more content…
Children who develop multiple symptoms of conduct disorder are at high risk of failing to adapt socially, possibly leading to academic failure, rejection by their peers, precocious sexual activity, promiscuity, smoking, alcohol or substance abuse, membership in delinquent gangs, depression, suicidal thoughts, child pregnancy, unemployment, and poor physical health.
Co-existence of hyperactivity with conduct problems is associated with poorer social adjustment(4)(Barkley, Fischer, Edelbrock, & Smallish, 1990.Children may grow up to become psychopaths, a severe type of antisocial behavior that is characterized by lack of remorse and guilt, blunted affect, impulsivity, and irresponsible behaviour. Childhood aggression and externalizing problems are strong predictors of adult crime and violence (Betz, 1995; Farrington & Hawkins,