Art Chapters 13&14

Front 1

Evaluating

Back 1

When we select one thing over another, or appreciate the specialness of something

Front 2

Impressionist painters

Back 2

Late 19th century. We're ridiculed by most critics, museum curators, and the public. Their style differed too radically from those of their predecessors for easy acceptance in their own time

Today, they have an honored place in museums and are eagerly sought by the public

Front 3

Art criticism

Back 3

Refers to making discriminating judgements, both favorable and unfavorable.

Front 4

3 theories for art criticism

Back 4

1. Formal theories
2. Contextual theories
3. Expressive theories

Front 5

Formal theory

Back 5

A method of art criticism that values stylistic innovation over personal expression or cultural communication

Front 6

Contextual theories

Back 6

A method of art criticism that focuses on the cultural systems behind works of art. These may be economic, racial, political, or social

Front 7

Expressive theories

Back 7

A method of art criticism that attempts to discern personal elements in works of art as opposed to formal strategies or cultural influences

Front 8

The paleolithic period

Back 8

Stone age

Early hominids made crude stone cutting tools. Allowed predecessors to extend skills and gain control over surroundings

Others made tools by chipping flakes from opposite sides of stones to create sharp cutting edges

Front 9

Paleolithic paintings

Back 9

Copious bulges- no humans
Animals portrayed have an expressive naturalism
Purpose- bring the spirits of animals into rituals related to the hunt
Study has led experts to theorize that some sites were used as sanctuaries

Front 10

Paleolithic people

Back 10

Made paintings of hands by blowing earth colors as they placed their hands against the cave wall

Front 11

Petroglyphs

Back 11

Am image or a symbol carved in shallow relief on a rock surface. Usually ancient

Front 12

Neolithic period

Back 12

New stone age- arises in Iraq
Transition from nomadic hunters and gatherers to village farmers and herders

Front 13

Neolithic art

Back 13

Reflects shift in living patterns
Emphasized abstract designs used to embellish articles

Front 14

Mesopotamia

Back 14

What the Greeks named the broad plain between the Tigris and euphrates rivers- part of Iraq.

Front 15

Ziggurats

Back 15

A rectangular or square stepped pyramid, often with a temple at its top

Front 16

The great pyramids

Back 16

Gigantic mountain like structures built as burial vaults for pharaohs

Front 17

Egypt architects

Back 17

Used a post-and-lintel system to create massive temples

Front 18

Egyptian sculpture

Back 18

Characterized by compact, solidly structured figures that embody qualities of strength and geometric Clarity also found in Egyptian architecture