Apush Final

Front 1

Bacons Rebellion

Back 1

1676

· Indentured servants attacked Indians/ got mad bc they didn’t get whatthey were promised at the end of their indenture

· Caused increase in slavery because it demonstrated that slavery wasbetter because indentured servants were more trouble than they were worth

Front 2

Diaz-->whered he go-->where was he from-->date

Back 2

1487

from Portugal

Rounds southern tip of Africa

Front 3

Columbus ->whered he go-->where was he from-->date

Back 3

1492

from Spain

First to explore western hemisphere

Front 4

de Gama

Back 4

1497

from Portugal

sea route to India via sailing around Africa

Front 5

Cabot

Back 5

1497

England

explores Newfoundland & Nova Scotia

Front 6

Vespucci

Back 6

1499

from Spain

explores coast of south america

Front 7

Cabral

Back 7

1500

from Portugal

Portugal's claim on Brazil

Front 8

Cortes

Back 8

1519

from Spain

conquest of Aztecs

Front 9

Magellan

Back 9

1519

from Spain

circumnavigates the world

Front 10

Pizarro

Back 10

1531

from Spain

conquest of Peru (the incas)

Front 11

Jamestown

Back 11

1607

founded by Virginia Company

first permanent english colony

big on public punishment

Front 12

Plymouth

Back 12

1620

Founded by pilgrims

Mayflower compact

Protestants(Predestined fate to heaven/hell) --> "Lowchurch”

V intolerant

Front 13

Massachusetts Bay

Back 13

1630

founded by Mass Bay Co

puritans

CITY ON A HILL

families, kids, church=center of town

--> Ann Hutchinson & Williams (pay indians for land, separate church and state) thought they were being hypocritical --> Toldpuritans they believed in “doctrine ofworks”-->do works/acts in life thatdetermined fate, but puritans also claimed to have a predestined fate-->exiled

Front 14

Ann HutchinsonMaryland

Back 14

1634

founded by lord baltimore

catholics

Front 15

rhode island

Back 15

1636

roger williams

religious toleration

Front 16

connecticut

Back 16

1636

thomas hooker

fundamental orders of connecticut

Front 17

new york

Back 17

1664

founded by Duke of York

under dutch control as new amsterdam from 1621-64

Front 18

Pennsylvania

Back 18

1681

founded by William Penn

Quakers!

Front 19

Georgia

Back 19

1732

founded by Oglethorpe

buffer against Spanish Florida

Front 20

Ann Hutchinson

Back 20

Mass Bay

c. 1630

thought puritans were being hypocritical bc of doctrine of works

Front 21

Halfway covenant

Back 21

1662- Churchmembership declined --> offered half a$$ way to join church

Puritanism declinedfairly quickly

(mass bay)

Front 22

French and Indian War

Back 22

seven years war

1754–1763·

BRITAIN v. French & Ind

french & indians = allied

Switch fromFrench land to British ·

Indiansbecome dependent upon British empire Indians loseability to play European powers against each other :/

Front 23

Antinomianism

Back 23

puritan beliefs that stressed god's gift of salvation and minimized what an individual could do to gain salvation

anne hutch!!

Front 24

First Great Awakening

Back 24

1730s & 1740s

George Whitefield

Jonathan Edwards

religious pluralism

all Protestant denominations were legitamate

do ya thang!

Front 25

great migration

Back 25

1630-1642

helllla ppl came to New england & puritans esp. (in mass bay)

Front 26

joint-stock company

Back 26

these companies funded overseas expeditions, ex = Jamestown, New Amsterdam

Front 27

who funded New Amsterdam

Back 27

Dutch West India Company

Front 28

Mercantilism

Back 28

economic policy that help that the strength of a nation=based on amount of silver and gold it had

trade generates wealth

COLONIES EXIST FOR MOTHER COUNTRY

Front 29

middle passage

Back 29

sea route for slaves from west coast of africa to western hemisphere

Front 30

puritans (word origin)

Back 30

wanted to purify church of england

Front 31

triangular trade

Back 31

new england shipped rum to west coast of africa for slaves which were sent to west indies for molasses that was sold in new England

Front 32

name 3 reasons for the start of the american reovlution

Back 32

1. british empire racking up war debts --> increased taxes on colonies

2. western land issues (pontiac's rebellion, proclamation line)

3. exercising greater control in colonies

Front 33

pontiac's rebellion

Back 33

1763

(prophet=neolin)(newabout this revolution: all Native Americans should unite VS colonies,pan-Indian identity) forces British to draw line

Front 34

proclamation line

Back 34

1763

banned all settlement past Appalachian Mountains

Front 35

example of british tryna exercise greater control in colonies

Back 35

townshend acts

sugar/stamp/currecy acts

quartering act

Front 36

Sugar Act

Back 36

1764

stricter enforcement on trade regulations

Front 37

currency act

Back 37

1764

colonies prohibited from issuing paper money

Front 38

stamp act & colonial reaction

Back 38

1765

tax on printed materials/documents

reaction=virginia resolves, stamp act congress, sons of liberty

Front 39

quartering act

Back 39

1765

colonies had to provide houses for british troops

Front 40

townshend acts & reaction

Back 40

1767

external taxes on colonial imports

reaction=non-importation agreements, Letters of a Farmer in Penn.

Front 41

tea act & reaction

Back 41

1773

monopoly for east india company for tea sold in colonies

reaction=boston tea party

Front 42

coercive acts/intolerable acts & reaction

Back 42

1774

british response to boston tea party

Gave additional power to British appointed leaders in thecoloniesIncreased military presence in Boston Gave military officers right to forcibly quarter theirsoldiers in citizen’s housesColonies view this as excessive act of aggression

convinced america 2 BE FREE

Front 43

Quebec Act

Back 43

· Response to Boston tea party · Expanded Quebec’s border into Ohio River Valley· Grants toleration of Catholicismànotpopular because of fear/bigotry with Catholicism

Front 44

Continental Congress

Back 44

· Response to intolerable acts · 1774, Philly· Key colonial leaders met· Preparing for war

· Approved “Suffolk Resolves” (withhold taxes, prepare forwar)o boycott of British goods

Front 45

“Suffolk Resolves”

Back 45

(withhold taxes, prepare for war) boycott of British goods

Front 46

Committees of Safety

Back 46

· Against ethics of liberty· Crucial for revolution to have non-elites · Enforce boycott, act on the ground · Power of local committee, not official appointed government· Broader political participation allowed (non elites)

time of american rev.

Front 47

Second Continental Congress

Back 47

· First CC promised that their colonial demands weren’t met,they’d meet againàso theydid· 1775 · During times where British soldiers were fightingMassachusetts colonists· Decided to create American army · Printed money so that they could pay for it· Appoints George Washington as leader · Still not yetdeclaring independence

Front 48

SouthCarolina Regulators

Back 48

· Wealthywestern farmers who want better representation · Regulateland titles· Want moregovernment on the periphery to establish law and order

Front 49

NorthCarolina Regulators

Back 49

· Smallfarmers· Much moreradical· Refuse topay taxes, kidnap local officials, disrupt court proceedings · Saw colonialgovernment as corrupt, benefitting wealthy so they also want a much morerepresentational government that benefitting them more · 8,000farmers · Suppressedby militia in 1771 · Worrisome toelite

Front 50

revolution v. war for independence

Back 50

Revolution:· Social/politicalhierarchy that gets overthrown/flipped upside-down

Warof Independence: · Leave socialpyramid intact except for British elite/tip top of pyramid

Front 51

boston massacre

Back 51

1770

Britishsoldiers were stationed in Boston to make sure ships didn’t violate traderegulations. Snowball fight (Bostonians vs. soldiers-àarmed confrontation) kills 5 Bostonians. Judge took the sideof the soldiers because he was an elitist. Defended by John Adams who isconcerned with the unruly lower class. Paul Revere produces propaganda pieceportraying it as cold-blooded massacre, which shifts public perception ofBritish.

Front 52

concord & lexington

Back 52

· Two battles//towns that marked major physical violence of American Revolution· April 19 1775· British had wanted to take weapons from Americans who werefighting · e· Trying to seize weapons · Push for independence not like sgooo

Front 53

Continental Association

Back 53

1774 · Authorized by CC· Call for total boycott, become economically independent· Largely enforced (except for NY)

Front 54

olive branch petition

Back 54

1775

adopted by the Second Continental Congress

Front 55

bunker hill

Back 55

1775

??

Front 56

treaty f alliance

Back 56

1778

The Treaty of Alliance with France: Franco-AmericanTreaty, was the defensive alliance between France and the United States of America, formed in the midst of the American Revolutionary War, which promised military support in case of attack by British forces indefinitely into the future.

Front 57

treaty of paris

Back 57

1783

ended the American Revolutionary War.

Front 58

land ordinance of 1785

Back 58

· Regulated land sales in the region north of the Ohio River,which came to be known as the Old Northwest.· Land would be sold at $1/acre in 640-acre lots.-->but noone person had $640 just to spend· Land gets bought up by land companies & speculatorsàthen sold off in smaller parts · Essentially government giving people (land companies, etc)help who didn’t necessarily need it even though it makes land more accessibleeventually

Front 59

northwest ordinance

Back 59

1787

· Calls for3-5 new states · Slavery isbanned in these states, but people bring slaves over and pretend it wasvoluntary · Had to haveconsent from Native Americans to take their land/purchase it

Front 60

Shay’s rebellion

Back 60

· 1786

Takes placein Massachusetts· Debt- riddenfarmers who don’t want their land taken away because they haven’t paid theirdebts · Eventually stopped by the state militia

Front 61

loyalist

Back 61

those who stayed loyal to britain in american revolution

Front 62

natural rights

Back 62

enlightenment=yaas natural rights

governemnt shouldnt be able to violate

jefferson

Front 63

virtual representation

Back 63

americans didnt feel represented in parliament, britain argued that they were because members of parliament represented all engishmen in the empire

Front 64

whig ideology

Back 64

idea that concentrated power leads to corruption

Front 65

how did constitution set up government

Back 65

legislative (congress)

executive (VP and P)

judicial branch (supreme court)

Front 66

Pro-Federalists

Back 66

· Rural areasclosely tied to commercial marketplaces · Urbanartisans, laborers, sailors all seek strongereconomy through strong federal state · Substantialproperty holders More organized, coherent, agree on the samethings

hamilton's economic plan (pro national debt)

Front 67

Anti Federalists

Back 67

· State levelpoliticians fearing loss of prestige · Sam Adams,John Hancock, Patrick Henry· Opponents/proponentsof slavery who either feared the constitution protected slavery too much or toolittle · Those whofeared merchant/creditor domination · Small farmersin rural areas · Democraticgovernment works best on a small/local scale· Nationalgovernment would be inherently less representative · Lacked Billof Rights · Small,backwoods farmers Conflicting viewsLoosely organized

Front 68

virginia plan

Back 68

was a proposal by Virginia delegates for a bicameral legislative branch.

madison

1787

Front 69

3/5 compromise

Back 69

1787

how to count slaves?! (south=yes count them so theyd get more representation, north=no)

blacks=3/5 person's representation

Front 70

federalist papers

Back 70

85 articles

1788

Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay promoting the ratification of the United States Constitution.

Front 71

bill of rights

Back 71

first 10 amendments

freedom of speech, press, religionthe right to bear arms, and protection againstunjust criminal procedures

presentedto congress by Madison and ratified by the states in 1791.

concrete version of unalienable rights

Front 72

bank of the united states

Back 72

The Bank of the United States was a part ofHamilton’s 5 point economic plan for the country and was modeled after the Bankof England. It was a private corporation, not a branch of government, whichwould hold public fund, issue currency, and make loans to the government whennecessary, as well as giving some profit to its stockholders

1791

Front 73

whiskey rebellion

Back 73

The Whiskey Rebellion took place in 1794 and reinforced theFederalist’s ideas that democracy and freedom shouldn’t be kept in the hands ofordinary citizens. The Whiskey Rebellion was when backcountry Pennsylvaniafarmers sought to block collection of the next tax on distilled spirits.

Front 74

jay's treaty

Back 74

Jay’s Treaty: Jay’s Treaty was created by John Jay, chiefjustice at the time, and was created after the British seized hundreds ofAmerican ships trading with the French West Indies and kidnapped soldiers toserve in their navy (impressment). Jay’s Treaty was negotiated in 1794 andresulted in Britain agreeing to abandon outposts on the western frontier (whichit was supposed to do in 1783). The United States agreed to favor treatment toBritish imported goods, which cancelled the American-French alliance andrecognized British naval and economic supremacy. The effect that Jay’s Treaty had is that itoutlined political divisions in the US and led directly to the formation of anorganized opposition party.

Front 75

XYZ affair

Back 75

1797, when the United States had claimed the right to tradenonmilitary goods with both Britain and France, but both countries seizedAmerican ships with impunity. In 1797 American diplomats went to Paris tonegotiate a treaty, but the French officials demanded bribes beforenegotiations took place. This ruined the former alliance, yet peace wasnegotiated in 1800. The ‘XYZ’ aspect refers to how Adams substituted theletters for French diplomats’ names.

Front 76

alien and sedition acts

Back 76

1798

Adams administration

caused by the federalists wanting to silence their critics withinpamphlets and literary works. There was a Naturalization Act that extended therequirement for immigrants who wanted to become American citizens. The Alienact allowed the deportation of persons from abroad deemed dangerous by federalauthorities and the Sedition Act, set to expire in 1801, authorized theprosecution of any public assembly/publication that was critical of thegovernment.

Front 77

kentucky & virginia resolutions

Back 77

The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions took place whenMadison and Jefferson drafted up resolutions that opposed the Sedition Act,which they believed was unconstitutional. Virginia and Kentucky both adoptedthese resolutions, which called on the courts to defend the constitutionalrights set forth before.

Front 78

election of 1800

Back 78

outcome in part due to 3/5

John Adams v. Jefferson

Adams would have won if slaves hadnt been counted