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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Function of the lymphatic system |
Transport excess fluids away from the intestinal spaces Transports fats in fluid to the bloodstream Defend the body against disease |
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Muscle activity largely influences the movement of lymph via |
Action of skeletal muscles Respiratory movements
Smooth muscle in the larger lymphatic vessels Valves in the lymphatic vessels |
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Afferent lymphatic vessels |
Carry lymph into a lymph node |
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Efferent lymphatic vessels |
Carry lymph out and away from lymph nodes |
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Lymph capillaries |
Permeable vessels found everywhere but bones, teeth and CNS |
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Lymphatic vessels/trunks |
Collect lymph from capillaries and carries it through body |
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Right lymphatic duct |
Drains right arm, neck and head |
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Thoracic (L lymphatic) duct |
Drains rest of body |
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Cysterna Chyli |
Dilated sack formed by the merging of intestinal and lumbar trunks. "Dilated" to accommodate more fluid |
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Primary lymphatic organs |
Where blood cells become immunocompetent
1) Red bone marrow - primary site
2)thymus gland |
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Secondary lymphatic organs |
Site of most immune responses |
Limp nodes spleen Lymph nodules |
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Red bone marrow is the production site of |
All blood cells including lymphocytes |
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Lymphocytes that become immunocompetent in redbone marrow are called |
B Lymphocyte cells |
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Function of thymus |
Secretes thymosine site of T lymphocite maturation |
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The spleen contains 2 tissue types |
White pulp (mostly lymphocytes) Red Pulp (red blood cells, lymphocytes, macrophages) |
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Function and location of lymph nodes |
Clustered in inguinal, axillary and cervical regions Act as limp filters = microphages phagocytize
T & B cells destroy microbes by immune response |
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Describe the connective tissue capsule of lymph nodes |
cortex = outter layer that contains B Cells, T Cells and macrophages
Medulla = Contain B cells, macrophages, plasma cells(produce antibodies)
Sinuses = Collect lymph and send to lymphatic vessels |
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Location and function of Peyer's Patches |
Location: Small intestine, the illium. Function: Surveillance of the intestinal lumen and in facilitating the generation of the immune response within the mucosa |
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Function of lymph nodules |
Remove pathogens from their area |
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Location of lymph nodules |
Tonsils (and adenoids) Peyer's patch Appendix |
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Describe innate immunity |
Generic response to a pathogen or foreign substance |
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Characteristics of adaptive immunity |
Antigent specific Has memory Systemic (not confined to initial infection site) |
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What is an antigen |
Large complex molecules = usually proteins, may be part of a microorganism |
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Defense characteristics of innate immunity |
Physical defenses = external barrier created through epidermis of skin chemical defenses = mucus membranes prevent entry of micro organisms |
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Characteristics of the 2nd line of defense for innate immunity |
Anti microbial substances phagocytes Inflammation Fever |
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Types of specific (adaptive) immunity |
Cellular immunity = involves T cells Humoral immunity = Involves B cells |
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Types of specialized T cells include |
Helper T cells Cytotoxic T cells Memory T cells |
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T cell activation requires 2 signals |
1)Antagin-presenting cell : Leaves antigent fragments on surface for T-cell recognition called a marker 2) Costimulator : Chemical signal produced by antigen-presenting sole surface that has been damaged or invaded by pathogens |
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Humoral immunity limitations |
Response limited to body fluids |
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Humoral immunity produces 2 types of cells |
Plasma cells : secrete antibodies Memory B cells : B lymphocytes left over after eradicating the virus |
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Antibodies action |
Neutralization agglutination/precipitation compliment activation |
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