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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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AFDC
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Program to distribute welfare benefits that was formerly federally funded then devolved to the states in 1996
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Block Grants
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A federal grant that could be used for a variety of purposes, usually with few accompanying restrictions
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Categorical Grants
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A federal grant for a specific purpose, often with accompanying conditions and/or requiring a local match
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Conditions of Aid
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Federal rules that states must follow if they choose to receive the federal grants with which the rules are associated
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Confederation
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A system in which the state governments are sovereign and the national government may do only what the states permit
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Devolution
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An effort to shift responsibility for a wide range of domestic programs from Washington to the states
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Dual Federalism
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The doctrine that both state and national governments are supreme in their respective spheres
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Federal System
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A system in which sovereignty is shared between the national and the state governments
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Federal Republic
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The Founders' term for a federation
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Grants-in-Aid
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Federal funds provide to states and localities
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Initiative
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A procedure that allows voters to place legislative measures (and sometimes constitutional amendments) directly on the ballot by getting a specified proportion of voter signatures on a petition
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Intergovernmental Lobby
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An interest group made up of mayors, governors, and other state and local officials who depend on federal funds
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Interstate Commerce
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Business that is conducted in more than one state
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Intrastate Commerce
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Business that is conducted entirely within one state
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Land Grant Colleges
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State educational institutions built with the benefit of federally donated lands
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James Madison
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The Federalist author who said that both state and federal governments "are in fact but different agents and trustees of the people constituted with different powers"
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McCulloch v. Maryland
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A supreme Court decision embodying the principle of implied powers of the national government
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Mandates
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Federal rules that states must follow, whether they receive federal grants or not
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Medicaid
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Federally funded medical care for the poor
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Model Cities
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A program proposed in the 1960s to give federal funds to a small number of large cities with acute problems
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National Interests
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Governmental concerns considered to be primarily the responsibility of the central government
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Necessary-and-proper Clause
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The phrase used by the Supreme Court to create the category of implied powers of the national government
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Nullification
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A doctrine espoused by Calhoun that states could hold certain national policies invalid within their boundaries
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Police Powers
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Those state laws and regulations not otherwise unconstitutional, that promote health, safety, and morals
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Recall
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A procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office
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Referendum
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A procedure that enables voters to reject a measure adopted by the legislature
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Revenue Sharing
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A federal grant that requires no matching funds and provides freedom in how to spend it
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Second-Order Devolution
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Refers to a flow of power and responsibility from the states to local governments
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Sovereignty
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Supreme or ultimate political authority
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States' Rights
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Government concerns considered to be primarily the responsibility of the state government
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Tenth Amendment
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The clause that stipulates that powers not delegated to the United States are reserved to the states or to the people
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Third-order Devolution
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Refers to the increased role of nonprofit organizations and private groups in policy implementation
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Unitary System
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A system in which sovereignty is wholly in the hands of the national government
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