Antrho Test 3

Front 1

N!ai’s people, the Ju’hoansi, are referred to by others by all the following names EXCEPT:

Back 1

Pygmies

Front 2

In parts of the Caribbean:

Back 2

there are many shades of ‘color’

Front 3

Benedict Anderson used the term "imagined communities" to refer to:

Back 3

nation-states.

Front 4

Akan lineages serve which of the following functions?

Back 4

all of the above

Front 5

Which of the following characteristics was not historically similar in the U.S. and Brazil?

Back 5

interracial marriage laws

Front 6

Status that is based on one's birth is called ____ and is found most commonly associated with ____.

Back 6

ascribed status; closed systems

Front 7

In South Africa, multiple, exclusive racial classifications were formally recognized. This was called:

Back 7

apartheid

Front 8

The view that immigrants should quickly abandon cultural distinctiveness and become part of "mainstream" society is:

Back 8

assimilation

Front 9

Governments and territories that are identified with culturally homogeneous populations and national histories are known as:

Back 9

nation-states

Front 10

What does Knauft argue is the main reason for the high rate of homicide in Gebusi society?

Back 10

Tensions created when marriage exchanges are not reciprocated.

Front 11

The term “race”is:

Back 11

culturally constructed

Front 12

Ethnic boundaries are the perceived ____ attributes by which ethnic groups distinguish themselves from others.

Back 12

cultural

Front 13

Which of the following most characterizes a caste system?

Back 13

It is primarily based on achieved status.

Front 14

Models of immigrant adaptation in the US include all of the folowing EXCEPT:

Back 14

Apartheid

Front 15

The hijras in India are:

Back 15

individuals who were born male, but have had their genitals removed.

Front 16

Which rites of passsage do the Gebusi perform?

Back 16

male initiaion

Front 17

In the 1950s, the !Kung were foragers.

Back 17

True

Front 18

The prefered type of marriage in Akan society is sister marriage.

Back 18

F

Front 19

People born with reproductive organs, genitalia, and/or sex chromosomes that are not exclusively male or female are referred to as intersexed.

Back 19

T

Front 20

Every culture recognizes distinctions between male and female.

Back 20

T

Front 21

Most genetic variation found in people living outside of Africa is a subset of genetic variation found in populations in Africa.

Back 21

T

Front 22

Debates over female circumcision bring to the fore the complexities of the anthropological principle cultural relativity.

Back 22

T

Front 23

In Inis Beag, Ireland, there is a long tradition of "dirty" joking in order to publicly share tales of sexual exploits and activities.

Back 23

F

Front 24

Nation-states may use ethnicity in order to create national unity.

Back 24

T

Front 25

The Gebusi practice endogamy within their clan. That is to say, they marry within their clan.

Back 25

F

Front 26

In the video clip on Dogon male initiation rituals that we saw in class, we learned that Dogon male initiation takes places annualy on a set date.

Back 26

F

Front 27

society: groups whose _____ with one another are ____ in regular ways

Back 27

Interations/ Patterned

Front 28

_____: the relationships between individuals in a society, including statuses, roles and institutions

Back 28

Society Organiztion

Front 29

______ - small-scale, kinship based societies - Social cohesion based on likeness and similarities, largely dependent on common rituals and routines


Some gendered division of labor, but otherwise engage in similar activities, rituals of moka, mourning

Back 29

Mechanical solidarity

Front 30

_______ - large-scale societies, nation-states - Social cohesion based on the dependence individuals have on each others due to division of labor increases - survival of society depends on their reliance on each other to perform their specific task


Marked division of labor
Underground market of drug dealing, depend on others (make food, clothes, etc) - a factor of social cohesion or…?

Back 30

Organic solidarity

Front 31

"Social life comes from a double source, the likeness of consciences and the division of social labor." Who said dis

Back 31

Durkam

Front 32

A relatively permanent unequal distribution of goods and services in a society.
The ways this distribution takes place depends on the organization of production, cultural values, and the access that different individuals and groups have to the means for achieving social goals in society.

Back 32

Social Stratification

Front 33

Power is the ability to control resources in one’s own interest.
Wealth is the accumulation of material resources or access to the means of producing these resources.
Prestige is social honor or respect.
These 3 don’t necessarily all go together

Back 33

Dimensions of Stratification (PWP)

Front 34

roughly equal access to wealth, power, prestige

Back 34

Egalitarian societies

Front 35

- uneven distribution of prestige, but roughly equal access to wealth and power - Kawelka

Back 35

Rank Societies

Front 36

Formal, permanent, social and economic inequality.
Some people are denied access to basic resources.
Characterized by differences in standard of living, security, prestige and political power.
US

Back 36

Stratified Society

Front 37

Why does Bourgois argue that this market has developed?

Back 37

1960s-1970s loss of manufacturing jobs
Conflict between service sector jobs and street culture, also gender play a role

Front 38

What role does social stratification play in this situation?

Back 38

Unequal access to education, to the types of knowledge and cultural practices needed to succeed
Issue of jobs available at time, economic situation

Front 39

What does this reading have to say about social mobility in the US?

Back 39

Because of unequal access to what need to succeed, some have greater difficulty moving up social ladder
Also culture clash

Front 40

Sometimes referred to as Bushmen (derogatory)
Also called San - term used by neighboring Khoi-Khoi to refer to them
Also called !Kung - the term for their language
They call themselves Ju/’hoansi which means “the true people”

Back 40

The !Kung or Ju/’hoansi

Front 41

The kung membership rules for camps are numerous and flexible

Back 41

T

Front 42

A married couple may live with either spouse’s relatives (ambilocal)
But, many married couples live with the wife’s group because of the practice of ___service, as seen in the film
Although marriage is arranged, the couple has some say and marriages can be dissolved
Men may have more than one wife (polygyny), but this is rare

Back 42

Bride

Front 43

In traditional ____ society, fathers as well as mothers show great indulgence to children, who do not fear or respect men more than women.

Back 43

Ju/’hoansi

Front 44

Small group of people (20 to 50)
Related by blood or marriage
Live together and are loosely associated with a territory in which they forage
Egalitarian

Back 44

Example of band society

Front 45

Decision-making is by consensus.
Leaders are usually older men and women.
Leaders cannot enforce their decisions; They can only _____.
Sharing and generosity are important sources of respect.

Back 45

Persuade

Front 46

Made up of consanguineal kin who can trace their genealogical links to a common ancestor.
Marriage of a group member represents an alliance of two ____.
_____exogamy maintains open communication and fosters exchange of information among ____.

Back 46

Lineage

Front 47

Clans are often ______(cannot marry someone in your own clan)

Back 47

Exogamous

Front 48

Created when a large lineage group splits into new, smaller ones.

Back 48

Clans

Front 49

Gebusi are a ____ society

Back 49

Patrilocal

Front 50

Clans are larger than lineages

Back 50

T

Front 51

Akan are a ____ Society

Back 51

Matrilocal

Front 52

_______ creates a circulating system of marital and other exchanges among all the lineages that are coresident within a particular town
(IN AKAN)

Back 52

Cross Cousin Marriage

Front 53

- husband and wife remain in own family’s residential area - children stay with mother - a single matrilineal segment thus lives in the same compound

Back 53

Natolocal

Front 54

parents live together until children grown, then sons go to live with mother’s brother

Back 54

Unvunculocal

Front 55

live with husband’s family - sons may bring wives and children into father’s compound - helps with farming land

Back 55

Patrilocal

Front 56

transfer of property and status from mother's brothers to sister's sons
with generational seniority (property must first pass successively through a group of brothers and can descend to sisters' sons only after all the males within a generation have died

Back 56

Matrilineal inheritance and succession: