Ansc 221 Exam #3

Front 1

If two WwGg individuals are matched, what is the probability of producing WWGG offspring?

Back 1

1/16

Front 2

A heterozygous pea plant that is tall with yellow seed (TtGg), is allowed to self-fertilize. What is the probability that an offspring will be either tall with green seeds, dwarf with yellow seeds, or dwarf with green seeds?

Back 2

7/16

Front 3

During a __________ cross, an individual with the dominant phenotype and unknown genotype is crossed with a _____ individual to determine the unknown genotype.

Back 3

test, homozygous recessive

Front 4

Mendel's Law of Segregation is supported by a 1:1 test cross ratio (T/F)

Back 4

True

Front 5

What types of ratios are likely to occur when evaluating the segregation of two alleles at two genes?

Back 5

9:3:3:1, 1:1:1:1

Front 6

If a pea plant had the genotype WwGg and the W and G loci assort independently, what is the probability or producing a gamete that is WG?

Back 6

1/4

Front 7

How many types of gametes can be produced by an individual with the genotype of AABbCCddEeFf?

Back 7

8

Front 8

What types of ratios are likely to occur in crosses when evaluating the segregation of two alleles at a single gene.

Back 8

3:1, 1:1, 1:2:1

Front 9

An individual that has two different alleles of a particular gene is said to be...

Back 9

Heterozygous

Front 10

law of independent assortment

Back 10

during gamete formation, the segregation of nay pair of hereditary determinants is independent of the segregation of other pairs

Front 11

Mendal's Law of Segregation

Back 11

during gamete formation, the paired factors for a given character segregate randomly so that half of the gametes receive one factor and half of the gametes receive the other

Front 12

Independent events

Back 12

the occurrence of one does not affect the probability of another

Front 13

cytogeneticsist

Back 13

examines the chromosomal composition of a particular cell or organism

Front 14

somatic cells

Back 14

body cells other than gametes

Front 15

Gem cells

Back 15

gametes- sperm or egg cells

Front 16

karyotype

Back 16

organized representation of the chromosomes within a cell

Front 17

2 reasons for cellular division

Back 17

1-asexual reproduction-unicellular organismas produce new individuals

2-multicellularity- plants, animals, and certain fungi are derived from a signal cell that has undergone repeated cell divisions

Front 18

What phases is interphase in?

Back 18

G1, S, and G2

Front 19

What happens in the G1 phase?

Back 19

a cell prepares to divide

Front 20

What happens in the S phase

Back 20

chromosomes are replicated

Front 21

At the end of S how many chromatids does one have and what phase are they in

Back 21

-Twice as many chromatids

-G1 phase

Front 22

G1 and laste M phases refers to

Back 22

equivalence of one chromatid

Front 23

G2 and early M phase refers to

Back 23

pair of sister chromatids

Front 24

What happens during G2 phase and what does this progress into?

Back 24

G2 phase- cell accumulates the materials necessary for nuclear and cell divison

-Progresses into M phase of the cycle where mitosis occurs

Front 25

Primary purpose of mitosis

Back 25

distribute the replicates chromosomes to the two daughter cells.

Front 26

5 phases of mitosis

Back 26

1-prophase

2-prometaphase

3-metaphase

4-anaphase

5-telophase

Front 27

how are microtubules formed?

Back 27

By rapid polymerization of tubulin proteins

Front 28

3 types of spindle microtubules

Back 28

1-Aster Microtibules

2-Polar Microtubules

3-Kinetochore Microtubules

Front 29

Aster Microtubules

Back 29

important for positioning of the spindle apparatus

Front 30

Polar Microtubules

Back 30

help to "push" the poles away from each other

Front 31

Kinetochore Microtubules

Back 31

attach to the kinetochore, which is bound to the centromere of each individual chromosome

Front 32

Sexual Reproduction

Back 32

way eukaryotic organisms produce offspring

-parents make gametes with half the amount of genetic material

Front 33

Fertilization

Back 33

gametes fuse with each other to begin the life of a new organism

Front 34

Gametogenesis

Back 34

process of forming gametes

Front 35

Isogamous and what do they produce?

Back 35

-Simple eukaryotic species

-produce gametes that are morphologically similar(fungi and algae)

Front 36

Heterogamous

Back 36

produse gametes that are morphologically different

-sper cells(male gametes)relatively small and mobile

-egg cell or ovum(female gametes) usually large and nonmotile, stores a large amount of nutrients

Front 37

During meiosis...

Back 37

haploid cells are produced from diploid cells

Front 38

recombination

Back 38

exchange of genetic material between non sister chromatids

-occurs in prophase 1