Anatomy Midterm Last Minute Vitals

Front 1

Muscles derived from Branchial arch 1

Back 1

Innervated by V3: mm of mastication, mylohyoid, anterior belly digastric, tensor tympani and tensor veli palati

Front 2

Muscles derived from Branchial arch 2

Back 2

Innervated by VII: mm of facial expression plus platysma, posterior belly digastric, stylohyoid, stapedius

Hint 2

post-punk hipster with unique "high style", funny facial expression, stapedius muscle didnt save his eardrums

Front 3

what mm are innervated by VII

Back 3

Branchial arch 2: mm of facial expression plus platysma, posterior belly digastric, stylohyoid, stapedius

Front 4

what are mm of facial expression plus platysma, posterior belly digastric, stylohyoid, stapedius innervated by and derived from?

Back 4

VII, branchial arch 2

Front 5

what MM are innervated by V3

Back 5

Branhcial arch 1: mm of mastication, mylohyoid, anterior belly digastric, tensor tympani and tensor veli palati

Hint 5

"tense man a plane" in the mile high club, mylohoid is always with anterior digastric, tensors

Front 6

Musclues derived from Arch 1

Back 6

mm of mastication, mylohyoid, anterior belly digastric, tensor tympani and tensor veli palati

Front 7

what are mm of mastication, mylohyoid, anterior belly digastric, tensor tympani and tensor veli palati innervated by and derived from

Back 7

V3, arch 1

Front 8

What muscles are derived from Arch 3

Back 8

Stylopharangeus CN IX

Front 9

Stylopharangeus: what ach and CN

Back 9

CN IX, Arch 3

Front 10

What muscles are derived from arch 4-6

Back 10

CN X: 3 constrictors, 4 muscles of palate: Levator veli palati, musculi uvuli, palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus, Muscles of the larynx: Aryepiglotticus, thyroepiglottic, thyroarytenoid, arytenoid, posterior cricoarytenoid, lateral cricoarytenoid, cricothyroid

Front 11

what muscles are innervated by vagus

Back 11

arch 4-6: 3 constrictors, 4 muscles of palate: Levator veli palati, musculi uvuli, palatoglossus, Muscles of the larynx: Aryepiglotticus, thyroepiglottic, thyroarytenoid, arytenoid, posterior cricoarytenoid, lateral cricoarytenoid, cricothyroid

Front 12

innervation and arch derivation: 3 constrictors, 4 muscles of palate: Levator veli palati, musculi uvuli, palatoglossus, Muscles of the larynx: Aryepiglotticus, thyroepiglottic, thyroarytenoid, arytenoid, posterior cricoarytenoid, lateral cricoarytenoid, cricothyroid

Back 12

CN X arch 3

Front 13

What is the innervation of the eyelid muscles?

Back 13

A) Orbicularis oculi (closes eye): CN VII
B) Levator palpebrae superioris (elevates the lid), CN III
C) Superior tarsal muscle (elevates lid): sympathetic.
A and B are striated and C is smooth muscle.

Front 14

Orbicularis oculi (closes eye):

Back 14

CN VII

Front 15

Levator palpebrae superioris

Back 15

CN III

Front 16

Superior tarsal muscle (elevates lid):

Back 16

sympathetic

Front 17

Which cranial nerve provides secretomotor innervation to the parotid gland? Make a sketch of the distribution of the IX nerve, particularly noting the tympanic branch, tympanic plexus, lesser petrosal, otic ganglion and auriculotemporal nerve.

Back 17

The parotid gland receives its secretomotor innervation from the IX nerve. The IX nerve eventually provides a branch termed the lesser petrosal nerve which enters the otic ganglion and synapses there. The postganglionic fibers from the otic ganglion accompany a branch of the Vth cranial nerve. This is the auriculotemporal nerve which will carry the secretomotor fibers to the parotid gland.

Front 18

maxillary artery -First part--between neck of mandible and sphenomandibular ligament

Back 18

middle meningeal--deep to lateral pterygoid, goes through foramen spinosum to middle cranial fossa
inferior alveolar artery--enters mandibular foramen to mandibular teeth
small branches--deep auricular and anterior tympanic

Front 19

maxillary artery - Second part--part crossing lateral pterygoid

Back 19

muscular branches--to muscles of mastication (many have been cut by this time): deep temporal, masseteric, buccal and pterygoid arteries

Front 20

maxillary artery -Third part--in the pterygopalatine fossa

Back 20

posterior superior alveolar artery--just before maxillary artery passes through pterygomaxillary fissure
Remaining branches will be studied later with pterygopalatine fossa

Front 21

Stylohyoid

Back 21

Facial nerve [VII]
Pulls hyoid bone upward in a posterosuperior direction

Hint 21

post-punk with good style has a silly facial expression

Front 22

Digastric -Anterior belly

Back 22

Mylohyoid nerve from inferior alveolar branch of mandibular nerve [V3]
Opens mouth by lowering mandible; raises hyoid bone

Front 23

-Posterior belly of the digastric

Back 23

Facial nerve [VII] via branch that also goes to stylohyoid

Front 24

MylohyoidMylohyoid

Back 24

Mylohyoid nerve from inferior alveolar branch of mandibular nerve [V3]
Support and elevation of floor of mouth; elevation of hyoid

Front 25

Geniohyoid

Back 25

Branch from anterior ramus of C1 (carried along the hypoglossal nerve [XII])
Fixed mandible elevates and pulls hyoid bone forward; fixed hyoid bone pulls mandible downward and in-ward

Front 26

Genioglossus

Back 26

Superior mental tubercles
Body of hyoid; entire length of tongue
Hypoglossal nerve [XII]
Protrudes tongue; depresses center of tongue

Front 27

Hyoglossus

Back 27

Greater horn and adjacent part of body of hyoid bone
Lateral surface of tongue
Hypoglossal nerve [XII]
Depresses tongue

Front 28

Styloglossus

Back 28

Styloid process (anterolateral surface)
Lateral surface of tongue
Hypoglossal nerve [XII]
Elevates and retracts tongue

Front 29

Palatoglossus

Back 29

Inferior surface of palatine aponeurosis
Lateral margin of tongue
Vagus nerve [X] (via pharyngeal branch to pharyngeal plexus)
Depresses palate; moves palatoglossal fold toward midline; elevates back of the tongue

Front 30

Stylohyoid

Back 30

Base of styloid process
Lateral area of body of hyoid bone
Facial nerve [VII]
Pulls hyoid bone upward in a posterosuperior direction

Front 31

Styloglossus

Back 31

Styloid process (anterolateral surface)
Lateral surface of tongue
Hypoglossal nerve [XII]
Elevates and retracts tongue

Front 32

Stylopharyngeus

Back 32

Medial side of base of styloid process
Pharyngeal wall
Glossopharyngeal nerve [IX]
Elevation of the pharynx

Front 33

Tensor veli palatine

Back 33

Scaphoid fossa of sphenoid bone; fibrous part of pharyngotympanic tube; spine of sphenoid
Palatine aponeurosis
Mandibular nerve [V3] via the branch to medial pterygoid muscle
Tenses the soft palate; opens the pharyngotympanic tube

Front 34

Levator veli palatine

Back 34

Petrous part of temporal bone anterior to opening for carotid canal
Superior surface of palatine aponeurosis
Vagus nerve [X] via pharyngeal branch to pharyngeal plexus
Only muscle to elevate the soft palate above the neutral position

Front 35

Between basioccipital and superior constrictor

Back 35

1. tensor veli palatini muscle
2. levator veli palatini muscle
3. pharyngotympanic (eustachian) tube
4. ascending palatine artery (from facial)
5. ascending pharyngeal artery (from external carotid)
6. V3
7. middle meningeal artery

Hint 35

2 moustachioed paladins with 3 rising arteries and V3

Front 36

Between superior and middle constrictor (

Back 36

1. stylopharyngeus muscle
2. glossopharyngeal nerve
3. tonsillar branch of facial artery

Front 37

Between middle and inferior constrictor

Back 37

1. Internal laryngeal nerve
2. Superior laryngeal artery and veins. These (1 & 2) pierce the thyrohyoid membrane. Identify external laryngeal nerve, supplying cricothyroid and inferior constrictor muscles.

Front 38

Between inferior constrictor and esophagus

Back 38

1. recurrent laryngeal nerve
2. inferior laryngeal artery and vein

Front 39

various muscles attaching to the hyoid bone

Back 39

sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid, stylohyoid, diigastric,stylohyoid ligament, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, middle constrictor, and hyoglossus,

Front 40

Review the relations of the hyoglossus muscle

Back 40

Superficial Relations:
Lingual nerve, XII, submandibular duct
Deep Relations:
Lingual artery and vein, IX, stylohyoid ligament

Front 41

Cricothyroid

Back 41

External branch of superior laryngeal nerve from the vagus nerve [X]
Forward and downward rotation of the thyroid cartilage at the cricothyroid joint

Front 42

Posterior cricoarytenoid

Back 42

Recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve [X]
External rotation and abduction of the arytenoid cartilage

Front 43

What is the innervation of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx? Where does the nerve enter the larynx? Is this nerve also sensory? If so, what part of the larynx does it supply? How do you explain the fact that a patient with a laryngeal tumor may present complaining of an earache and hoarseness?

Back 43

All of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx are supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve. The nerve enters the larynx at the boundary between the larynx and the trachea. Not only is this nerve motor but it also supplies sensation to the larynx from the true vocal cords inferiorly. Remember the vagus also has a branch that supplies the skin of the external auditory canal termed the auricular branch of the vagus. Thus, in patients who have a laryngeal tumor, pain may be referred to the ear.

Front 44

What is the function of the cricothyroid muscle? Innervation? How do you test it clinically? How do you test clinically, the motor function of the recurrent laryngeal nerves?

Back 44

The cricothyroid muscle primarily tenses the vocal cords by its hinging action of the cricoid and thyroid cartilages. It is innervated by the external laryngeal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. It is generally not practical to test the muscle clinically. Testing of the recurrent laryngeal nerves is usually done during indirect examination of the larynx at the time one asks the patients to phonate. One is examining the vocal cords during this time and watches for their parallel motion.

Front 45

Stylopharyngeus

Back 45

Medial side of base of styloid process
Pharyngeal wall
Glossopharyngeal nerve [IX]
Elevation of the pharynx

Front 46

Salpingopharyngeu

Back 46

Inferior aspect of pharyngeal end of pharyngotympanic tube
Pharyngeal wall
Vagus nerve [X]
Elevation of the pharynx

Front 47

Palatopharyngeus

Back 47

Palatopharyngeus
Upper surface of palatine aponeurosis
Pharyngeal wall
Vagus nerve [X]
Elevation of the pharynx; closure of the oropharyngeal isthmus

Front 48

Tensor veli palatini

Back 48

Mandibular nerve [V3] via the branch to medial pterygoid muscle
Tenses the soft palate; opens the pharyngotympanic tube

Front 49

Levator veli palatini

Back 49

Vagus nerve [X] via pharyngeal branch to pharyngeal plexus
Only muscle to elevate the soft palate above the neutral position

Front 50

Palatopharyngeus

Back 50

Vagus nerve [X] via pharyngeal branch to pharyngeal plexus
Depresses soft palate; moves palatopharyngeal arch toward midline; elevates pharynx

Front 51

Palatoglossus

Back 51

Vagus nerve [X] via pharyngeal branch to pharyngeal plexus
Depresses palate; moves palatoglossal arch toward midline; elevates back of the tongue