Anatomy Exam 4

Front 1

which is not a function of the kidneys?

Back 1

storage of urine

Front 2

the largest amount of solute and water reabsorption from filtered fluid occurs in?

Back 2

proximal convoluted tubule

Front 3

the adult kidney has _ nephrons than a newborns.

Back 3

larger

Front 4

the _ do the primary work of the urinary system; other organs in the system transport or store urine.

Back 4

kidney

Front 5

the _ are individual functional units of the kidneys that actually form urine

Back 5

nephrons

Front 6

the _ is the part of the nephrons that allows formation of concentrated urine, even in absence of ADH or aldosterone.

Back 6

loop of henle

Front 7

the formation of filtrate occurs as water and solutes move from the _ to the glomerular capsule

Back 7

glomerular capillaries

Front 8

the total amount of filtrate formed in both kidneys each minute is the _

Back 8

glomerular filtration rate

Front 9

tubular_ returns water, glucose and other substances from the filtrate to the blood.

Back 9

reabsorption

Front 10

tubular _ moves materials from the tubular cells and blood into the tubular fluid.

Back 10

secretion

Front 11

the _ is a temporary reservoir for urine.

Back 11

bladder

Front 12

the _ drains urine from the urinary bladder; its longer in males than females

Back 12

urethra

Front 13

urine is concentrated in the loop of henle by the __ effect

Back 13

countercurrent

Front 14

the __ is sensitive to aldosterone

Back 14

distal convoluted tubule

Front 15

glucose is removed by filtrate in the __

Back 15

proximal tubule

Front 16

the __ transports urine from kindeys to the urinary bladder

Back 16

ureters.

Front 17

blood urea nitrogen and ___ are measured clinically as an index of renal function.

Back 17

plasma creatinine

Front 18

places in right order. 10collecting duct 2)descending loop of henle 3)ureters 4)glomerular capillaries 5)ascending loop of henle 6)bowmans capsule 7) DCT 8) PCT

Back 18

4,6,8,2,5,7,1,3

Front 19

the principal cells in tthe collecting ducts

Back 19

secrete variable amounts of potassium based on dietary intake

Front 20

each of the following can ordinarily cross the filtration membrane except.

Back 20

platlets

Front 21

which pressure opposes glomerular filtration?

Back 21

*capsular hydrostatic pressure
*bcop

Front 22

autoregulation of the GFR occurs by two mechanisms which are:

Back 22

myogenic and tubuloglomerular feedback

Front 23

mechanisms that control glomerular filtration include

Back 23

renal autoreg, neural control, hormonal control, renin-angiotensis-aldosterone system.

Front 24

which of the following would be expected to increase GFR?

Back 24

decreased angiotensin II levels and increased ANP levels

Front 25

the intercalated cells in the collecting duct

Back 25

*regulate the amount og hydrogen ion secreted into the urine
*regulate pH by regulating reabsorption of bicarbonate ion

Front 26

the collecting ducts

Back 26

are sensitive to antidiuretic hormone

Front 27

which part of the nephron contains Na-K-2Cl transporter?

Back 27

ascending loop of henle

Front 28

as tubular fluis flows up the ascending loop of hence

Back 28

its osmolarity decreases

Front 29

as tubular fluis flows down the descending loop of henle,

Back 29

the osmolarity increases

Front 30

which pressure promotes glomerular filtration?

Back 30

glomerular blood hydrostatic pressure

Front 31

the kidneys play a role in acid/base balance by

Back 31

excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate ions

Front 32

ADH

Back 32

increases water reabsorption in the collecting duct of the kidney

Front 33

which hormones promote fluid loss under normal conditions?

Back 33

atrial natriuretic peptide

Front 34

which of the following does NOT constitute as a buffer system in the human body?

Back 34

Na+/K+ ATPase

Front 35

the normal pH range for arterial blood is

Back 35

7.35-7.45

Front 36

which is NOT a major mechanism that regulates the pH of body fluid?

Back 36

excretion of Na+

Front 37

physiological buffers

Back 37

*prevent drastic ph changes, *include proteins such as clbumin and hemoglobin, * include phosphate and carbonic acid-bicarbonate systems

Front 38

metabolic acidosis is characterized by___

Back 38

decreased HCO3

Front 39

which of the following is conditions is associated with respiratory alkalosis

Back 39

hyperventilation

Front 40

a stressed out student takes antacids to clam her stomach, which will develop?

Back 40

metabolic alkalosis

Front 41

___ is characterized by and increased bicarbonate level

Back 41

respiratory alkalosis

Front 42

__ is characterized by decreased pCO2 and is caused by hyperventilation

Back 42

respiratory alkalosis

Front 43

___ is characterized by an elevated pCO2 and is caused by hypoventilation

Back 43

respiratory acidosis

Front 44

___ is characterized by decreased bicarbonate level

Back 44

metabolic acidosis

Front 45

and increase in the rate and depth of breathing causes more carbon dioxide to be exhaled which will __ the blood pH.

Back 45

Increase

Front 46

___ is the body's attempt to restore pH in an acid/base balance

Back 46

compensation

Front 47

a decrease in the rate and depth of breathing causes less CO2 to be exhaled which will ___ the blood pH

Back 47

decrease

Front 48

in response to decreased blood volume the hormone ___ stimulates the thirst center in the hypothalamus

Back 48

angiotensin II

Front 49

in response to increased blood volume the hormone ___ decreases sodium and water reabsorption

Back 49

atrial natriuretic peptide

Front 50

diuretics __ reabsorption of sodium and water

Back 50

decrease