American History Chapter 16 Section 2

Front 1

Between 1865 and 1900 the percentage of Americans living in cities did what?

Back 1

doubled

Front 2

What allowed growing cities to accommodate the growing number of residents?

Back 2

skyscrapers

Front 3

These allowed cities to expand in what direction?

Back 3

upward

Front 4

What allowed cities to expand outward?

Back 4

mass transit

Front 5

It allowed what groups of people to leave the city that could not afford to leave before?

Back 5

middle-class office workers and some skilled laborers

Front 6

Give some names of the nouveau riche.

Back 6

Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, and Cornelius Vanderbilt

Front 7

How did they make their money?

Back 7

new industries

Front 8

Why did many of the nouveau riche spend their great wealth freely?

Back 8

so that everyone would know how successful they were

Front 9

Many American members of the new upper class imitated the strict standards of social behavior and etiquette of what culture?

Back 9

British Victorian

Front 10

What kept wages low for working-class men and women?

Back 10

The ever-growing population of laborers eager to work

Front 11

What caused living conditions for the working-class city-dwellers during the late 1800s to become worse?

Back 11

Housing shortages and the rising cost of rent

Front 12

What type of filth could you find outside the crowded tenements?

Back 12

raw sewage and piles of garbage

Front 13

What caused the pollution to be horrible in the tenements?

Back 13

factories in the adjoining industrial areas

Front 14

Who established the Hull House in Chicago?

Back 14

Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr

Front 15

What were her central goals to provide what, and improve what?

Back 15

educational and cultural opportunities to the poor and improve living conditions in the neighborhoods

Front 16

Large, multistory buildings

Back 16

skyscrapers

Front 17

Public transportation systems, such as commuter trains and subways, that make it possible for workers to live farther away from their jobs

Back 17

mass transit

Front 18

Residential neighborhoods on the outskirts of a city

Back 18

suburbs

Front 19

New class of American city-dwellers that arose in the late 1800s

Back 19

nouveau riche

Front 20

Term coined by social scientist Thorstein Veblen to describe spending money just to display one's wealth

Back 20

conspicuous consumption

Front 21

Poorly built apartment buildings that housed many poor city-dwellers in the late 1800s and the early 1900s

Back 21

tenements

Front 22

Community service centers that were founded in the late 1800s to offer educational opportunities, skills training, and cultural events to poor neighborhoods

Back 22

settlement houses