Adult Development And Aging Chapter 2 Terms

Front 1

Intrinsic/primary factors

Back 1

Generally considered fixed or permanent, since they are inherited or otherwise related to universal biological and physiological processes, and set the limits for our maximum potential life span. Genetic inheritance, gender, ethnicity, and health condition.

Front 2

Wisdom factor

Back 2

Individuals with better or higher cognitive and intellectual abilities tend to live longer; this is often referred to as the ___ ___.

Front 3

Life expectancy

Back 3

The average length of life for a member of a given species.

Front 4

Secondary aging

Back 4

Processes due to inactivity, poor eating habits, or disease.

Front 5

Extrinsic/secondary factors

Back 5

Modify the limits projected for life expectancy by the intrinsic factors. Individuals can exercise control over these factors. Nutrition and diet, climate or physical activity, interpersonal relationships, work and work satisfaction, education and economic status, cognitive/intellectual factors, and personality and stress avoidance.

Front 6

Aging clock

Back 6

Normal human cells reproduce themselves 50 times, then they die, which has been termed the ___ ___.

Front 7

Longevity

Back 7

Reflects the proportion of the upper limit of our potential life span (approximately 110 years) we actually acheive.

Front 8

Primary aging

Back 8

Results of the biophysiological processes

Front 9

Coronary heart disease

Back 9

Caused by a narrowing of the coronary arteries, which results in a decreased supply of blood and oxygen to the heart.

Front 10

Osteoperosis

Back 10

Disease characterized by progressive decline in bone density, common among women.

Front 11

Colon cancer

Back 11

One of the most serious disorders associated with age, along with diabetes. Next to lung cancer, claims more lives than any other form of the disease.

Front 12

Neurofibrillary tangles

Back 12

nerve fibers in the cell body and dendrites increase in number and become interwoven, which interferes with cell functioning. Found in normal brains, but especially prevalent in the brains of people with certain forms of dementia.

Front 13

Atherosclerosis

Back 13

Progressive narrowing of arterial walls

Front 14

Senile plaques

Back 14

Abnormally hard clusters of damaged or dying neurons

Front 15

Neurons

Back 15

Nerve cells which receive and transmit information

Front 16

Synapses

Back 16

Small spaces between neurons that help integrate information from various parts of thenervous system.

Front 17

Multiple threshold model

Back 17

We are more or less sensitive to some aspects of biological and physical aging versus others, dependent on their potential to affect our adaptation and adjustment.

Front 18

Heart attack

Back 18

Caused by the sudden blockage of the cotronary artery, usually by a blood clot.

Front 19

Stroke

Back 19

Occurs when blood is cut off to a region of the brain due to weakened or blocked cerebral arteries or a rupture with bleeding (hemorrhage) into surrounding tissues.

Front 20

Diabetes

Back 20

One of the most serious disorders associated with age, along with colon cancer. A metabolic disorder that can cause a number of debilitating symptoms, includuing blindness, damage to various organs of the body, and in some cases death, and its frequency increases with age.

Front 21

Plasticity

Back 21

Potential for new growth

Front 22

Ateriosclerosis

Back 22

Progressive hardening of arterial walls

Front 23

Dendrites

Back 23

Extending from each cell body are ___, whose function is to receive incoming information from other neurons.

Front 24

Lipofusin

Back 24

"Age spots"

Front 25

Body image

Back 25

Age changes contribute to changes in our ___ ___. Such changes have an impact on both men and women as they age, and are assigned different meaning based on gender.

Front 26

Menopause

Back 26

The cessation of menstruation. accompanied by decreased estrogen production. often accompanied by symptoms such as hot flashes or night sweats.

Front 27

Sexual interest

Back 27

Primarily a psychological experience and pertains to a person's desire to engage in sexual behavior, whereas sexual activity refers to engaging sexual behavior.

Front 28

Serial monogamy

Back 28

Prior to marriage, individuals of both genders tend to be faitful to their partner in the relationship, but we may have many sex partners as we move from one relationship to another.

Front 29

Sexual dysfunction

Back 29

Refers to difficulties or impairments in normal sexual functioning.

Front 30

Sensation

Back 30

Reception of physical stimulation and the translation of this stimulation into neural impulses

Front 31

Absolute threshold

Back 31

The minimum level of stimulus energy required tos ee an object, increases with age

Front 32

Presbyopia

Back 32

A decline in the eye's ability to focus on near objects

Front 33

Static visual acuity

Back 33

The ability to read the Snellen chart

Front 34

Dark adaptation

Back 34

Increased sensitivity to light in a dark environment

Front 35

Peripheral field

Back 35

The outer area of your overall visual field and shrinks several degrees per decade after age 45

Front 36

Sandwich generation

Back 36

individuals caught in the middle between meeting the demands and needs of their children and the demands and needs of their aging parentsw

Front 37

Vigilance

Back 37

The ability to maintain attention on a task for a sustained period, very important for driving, assembly line work, air traffic controllers, and other activities where attention must be maintained for fairly long periods.

Front 38

Field dependence/independence

Back 38

People who are considered ___ ___ make judgments that are heavily influenced by the immediate environment, while ___ ____ persons' judgments are not.

Front 39

Perception

Back 39

The interpretationof sensory stimulation

Front 40

Accommodation

Back 40

The process whhereby the eye adjutsts its focus both near and far in order to gain clarity

Front 41

Somesthesis

Back 41

Sensitivity to touch, vibration, temperature, kinesthesis, and pain.

Front 42

Visual acuity

Back 42

The ability to resolve detail.

Front 43

Light adaptation

Back 43

Increased sensitivity to light in a light environment

Front 44

Presbycusis

Back 44

Progressive bilateral (both ears) loss of hearing for tones of high frequency due to changes in the auditory system