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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Stroke |
Disruption of blood flow to the brain or part of the brain due to a blood clot or hemorrhage. Hemorrhage causes increased pressure within the skull and is more likely to cause a decreased LOC, unconsciousness, or death |
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TIA |
A temporary interruption of blood supply to an area of the brain, sometimes called a "mini stroke." It is usually caused by a small blood clot and results in a sudden, brief decrease in brain function and stroke-like symptoms. These symptoms usually last 1 or 2 hours, but no more than 24 hours |
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Stroke Treatment Time Window |
The time of symptom onset is determined in key questions. Hospital and/or responder notification of this finding plays an important part in preparing the patient's therapy. The local time window by Medical Control is 8 hours |
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Rule 1 |
Stroke must receive an immediate response that is not subject to delay. Lights-and-siren are not recommended; however, there should be a sense of urgency |
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Rule 2 |
Because there is no way in the prehospital environment to tell whether symptoms are from a TIA or an acute stroke, EMDs should assume that all stroke-like symptoms signal an emergency and need prompt evaluation
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Axiom 1 |
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and "brain attack" are commonly used terms for stroke |
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Axiom 2 |
Alert stroke patients should be treated as if they can hear and are aware of their surroundings. if the patient is conscious but not talking, verbal reassurance may be helpful |
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Axiom 3 |
Once a patient has had a stroke, their chance of having another stroke increases |
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Axiom 4 |
Some younger people have strokes (often fatal) from a ballooned blood vessel called a berry aneurysm that expands and then breaks. This condition is present from birth. Early symptoms include a sudden, severe headache |
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Axiom 5 |
The Stroke Diagnostic Tool enables EMDs to notifiy stroke centers early in an effort to decrease the time from symptom onset to definitive treatment. The dispatcher's report of Stroke Diagnostic Tool results, symptom onset time, and witnessing persons' contact information helps hospitals prepare and improves patient outcomes |
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Stroke Symptoms |
Select Protocol 28 for the conscious and breathing patient when the caller initially reports "stroke" or the sudden onset of one or more of the following symptoms: Sudden speech problems Sudden weakness, numbness, or paralysis of the face, arm, or leg on one side of the body Sudden loss of balance or coordination Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes Sudden, severe headache with no known cause These symptoms may also be due to a decreased LOC caused by many other problems. The C/C should be very carefully evaluated at the "tell me exactly what happened" point in case entry to determine the correct protocol selection |
