2 Anatomy Pharynx And Larynx

Front 1

Where is the nasopharynx located?

Back 1

posterior to nasal choanae, superior to soft palate

Front 2

What are the 4 landmarks of the nasopharynx?

Back 2

opening of auditory tube
salpingopharyngeal fold
pharyngeal recess
pharyngeal tonsils

Front 3

What is the elevation surrounding opening of auditory tube?

Back 3

Torus tubarius

Front 4

What is the depression behind the Torus

Back 4

pharyngeal recess

Front 5

Where is the oropharynx located?

Back 5

posterior to oral cavity, inferior to soft palate

Front 6

What are the 3 landmarks of the oropharynx?

Back 6

palatoglossal fold
palatopharngeal fold
palatine tonsil

Front 7

What landmarks indicate the boundaries of the laryngopharynx?

Back 7

the epiglottis and cricoid cartilage

Front 8

What are the five muscles in the pharynx?

Back 8

s. m. i. constrictors
palatopharyngeus
stylopharngeus

Front 9

Where does the superior constrictor orginate?

Back 9

from the pterygomandibular raphe (w/buccinator)

Front 10

Where does the middle constrictor originate?

Back 10

hyoid bone and stylohyoid ligament

Front 11

Where does the inferior constrictor originate?

Back 11

thyroid and cricoid cartilages

Front 12

What are the muscles of the lower fibers of the inf constrictor and what do they do?

Back 12

cricopharyngeus-entonic contraction to keep air out of esophagus

Front 13

Where does the palatopharyngeus muscle originate?

Back 13

from soft palate and blends w/ constrictors

Front 14

Where does the salpingopharyngeus muscle originate

Back 14

from torus tubarius into constrictors

joins palatopharyngeus

Front 15

whre does the stylopharyngeus originate?

Back 15

from styloid process and blends between sup and middle constrictors

Front 16

Which muscles elevate the pharynx

Back 16

stylopharngues, salpingopharyngeus, and palatopharyngeus

Front 17

What do the constrictors do?

Back 17

squeeze food down esophagus

Front 18

What do the pharyngeal branches of CN X innvervate (motor)?

Back 18

all of them except for stylopharngeus

Front 19

What does CN 9 innervate (motor)?

Back 19

stylopharngeus

Front 20

What does CN 9 innervate (sensory)?

Back 20

most of pharynx, gag reflex

Front 21

What does CN 10 innervate (sensory)?

Back 21

the tissue near the laryngeal inlet

Front 22

What does the maxillary branch of V innervate? (sensory)?

Back 22

soft palate and pharyngeal roof

Front 23

What are the 5 arteries found in the pharynx?

Back 23

Ascending pharyngeal
Superior thyroid
Inferior thyroid
Maxillary
Ascending palatine and tonsilar branches of facial

Front 24

What is the path that veins take in the pharynx?

Back 24

pterygoid plexus→facial→IJV

Front 25

What is the larynx?

Back 25

structure made of muscle and cartilage that
-allows air to pass to trachea
-prevents food from entering airway -produces sound

Front 26

What are the six cartilages of the larynx?

Back 26

Thryoid
Cricoid
Epiglottis
Arytenoid (2)
Corniculate (2)
Cuneiform (2)

Front 27

What is the largest cartilage that is also known as the adam's apple?

Back 27

Thyroid

Front 28

Which cartilage is divided into a narrow band anteriorly and a wider band posteriorly?

Back 28

Cricoid

Front 29

Which cartilage is anchored to the deeper surface of the thyroid cartilage

Back 29

epiglottis

Front 30

Which cartilage sits on posterior of cricoid and allows vocalis m. and vestibular ligament to attach?

Back 30

arytenoid cartilage

Front 31

Which cartilage sits at the summit of the arytenoid cartilage?

Back 31

corniculate cartilage

Front 32

Which cartilage sits on aryepiglottal fold and is located anterior to the corniculate cartilage?

Back 32

cuneiform cartilage

Front 33

What are the two joints of the larynx?

Back 33

Thyrocricoid and Cricoarytenoid

Front 34

Where does the thyrocricoid cartilage articulate and what does it do?

Back 34

It articulates on the inferior horns of thyroid w/ cricoid

allows cricoid to tilt forward and backward

Front 35

Where does the cricroarytenoid cartilage articulate and what does it do?

Back 35

base of arytenoid w/ cricoid lamina

permits rotation and gliding of arytenoid cartilages (permits abduction and adduction of vocal ligaments)

Front 36

What are the three ligaments of the larynx?

Back 36

Cricothyroid ligament
Vocal ligament (true vocal cords)
Vestibular ligaments (false vocal cords)

Front 37

What are the membranes of the larynx?

Back 37

Thyrohyoid membrane
Aryepiglottic fold

Front 38

Where is the cricothyroid ligament?

Back 38

between the thryoid and cricoid cartilage

Front 39

Where are the vocal ligaments?

Back 39

located from the angle of thyroid cartilage to vocal process of arytenoid cartilage

Front 40

Where are the vestibular ligaments?

Back 40

from the angle of thryoid cartilage to lateral border of arytenoid cartilage

Front 41

Where is the thyrohyoid membrane and what does it do?

Back 41

thyroid cartilage to hyoid bone

Transmits superior laryngeal a. +v. and internal laryngeal n.

Front 42

Where is the aryeipiglottic fold?

Back 42

from the arytenoid cartilage to lateral epiglottis

Front 43

Where is the laryngeal inlet?

Back 43

surrounded by the aryepiglottic folds and epiglottal cartilage

Front 44

What are the superior and inferior elevations?

Back 44

Vestibular folds
Vocal folds

Front 45

What is the ventricle?

Back 45

the space between superior and inferior folds

Front 46

What is the appendix (saccule)?

Back 46

the extra space beyond the ventricle, between vestibular fold and thyroid cartilage

contains mucous gland that lubricates vocal folds

Front 47

What does the Glottis consist of?

Back 47

both of the vocal folds

Front 48

What is the rima glottidis?

Back 48

it is the gap between the vocal folds

Front 49

What are the six instrinsic muscles of the larynx?

Back 49

Cricothyroid
Posterior cricoarytenoid
lateral cricoarytenoid
arytenoid
thyroarytenoid
vocalis

Front 50

Where does the cricothyroid muscle originate and insert, and what is its action?

Back 50

o. Anterolateral criocoid cartilage
i. posteroinferior thyroid cartilage
a. lengthen and tense vocal folds

Front 51

Where does the posterior cricoartenoid muscle originate and insert, and what is its action?

Back 51

o. posterior cricoid lamina
i. muscular process of arytenoid cart.
a. Rotate arytenoid cartilages (open rima)

Front 52

Where does the lateral cricoarytenoid muscle originate and insert, and what is its action?

Back 52

o. arch of cricoid cartilage
i. muscular proces of arytenoid cart.
a. adduct (close rima)

Front 53

Where does the arytenoid muscle originate and insert, and what is its action?

Back 53

o. posterior surface and lateral border of one arytenoid cartilage

l. opposite arytenoid cartilage

a. adduct vocal cords (close rima)

Front 54

Where does the thyroarytenoid muscle originate and insert, and what is its action?

Back 54

o. internal of thyroid cartilage
i. anteiror arytenoid cartilage
a. pull arytenoids cartilage anterior to relax and shorten vocal folds

Front 55

Where does the vocalis muscle originate and insert, and what is its action?

Back 55

medial fibers of thyroarytenoid

adjusts tension in vocal folds

Front 56

The external laryngeal (CN 10) provides motor innervation for

Back 56

the cricothyroid muscle

Front 57

The recurrent laryngeal (CN 10) provides motor innervation for

Back 57

all of the rest of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles

rt-wraps under subclavian
left-wraps under aorta

Front 58

The internal laryngeal (CN 10) provides sensory innervation for

Back 58

everything above vocal fold

Front 59

The recurrent laryngeal (CN 10) provides sensory innervation for

Back 59

everything below the vocal fold

Front 60

The two arteries in the intrinsic muscles are

Back 60

the superior thyroid (superior laryngeal branch) and the Inferior thyroid (inferior laryngeal branch)

the inferior thyroid is a branch of the subclavian

Front 61

Abduction of the larynx is done by

Back 61

posterior cricoarytenoid m.

Front 62

Adduction of the larynx is done by

Back 62

lateral cricoarytenoid m. and arytenoid m.

Front 63

Lengthening of vocal cords is done by

Back 63

cricothyroid m.

Front 64

Shortening of vocal cords is done by

Back 64

thyroarythenoid m. and vocalis