As kids or even now as adults we worry so little of contracting infectious disease, we do not realize that our environment is home to numerous of organisms that are harmful. For example, a single bite of a bug such as a tick can completely change your life. A tick bite can potentially lead to Lyme disease, which can become a severe illness. According to Sanjuna (et al 2018) “about 300,000 new cases per year are recorded world wide” (p.1) turning into the leading cause of tick borne diseases. There are several components of Lyme disease which need to be mentioned in order to fully understand Lyme disease. Such as the life cycle of the tick, Spirochete, stages of the disease, diagnostic testing, and treatment and prevention. As mentioned before
…show more content…
B. burdoferi is compiled of over 21 closely related species, but only 3 truly cause Lyme disease (Sanjuna, 2018). Spirochetes are greatly known for their appearance, which plays a huge role on the way they attack their host. They are long, slim, coiled surrounded by peptidoglycan and periplasmic flagella, and walled by an outer membrane. Spirochetes are very difficult to detect they have the ability to conceal themselves from the immune system by a sequences of techniques. Primarily spirochetes are able to modify their own antigens directly making it difficult for the immune system to strike against them (FAR Institute, 2016). Another process of which they are able to hide is by altering their genome. When changes are done to the genome it also adjusts the outer capsule of the antigen, yet again hiding the bacteria. Not only hiding from the immune system, but by releasing the antigens it causes our immunological system to damage our own healthy cells. As mentioned before their shape helps on attacking its host by the motility movement it has. Borrelia can dig into tissue or organs including the central nervous system, causing severe
B. burdoferi is compiled of over 21 closely related species, but only 3 truly cause Lyme disease (Sanjuna, 2018). Spirochetes are greatly known for their appearance, which plays a huge role on the way they attack their host. They are long, slim, coiled surrounded by peptidoglycan and periplasmic flagella, and walled by an outer membrane. Spirochetes are very difficult to detect they have the ability to conceal themselves from the immune system by a sequences of techniques. Primarily spirochetes are able to modify their own antigens directly making it difficult for the immune system to strike against them (FAR Institute, 2016). Another process of which they are able to hide is by altering their genome. When changes are done to the genome it also adjusts the outer capsule of the antigen, yet again hiding the bacteria. Not only hiding from the immune system, but by releasing the antigens it causes our immunological system to damage our own healthy cells. As mentioned before their shape helps on attacking its host by the motility movement it has. Borrelia can dig into tissue or organs including the central nervous system, causing severe