Ethnic groups are the first inhabitant of a given region with a distinct identity who own the lands where they inhabit, in contrast to and in contention with the colonial societies and states are ‘Indigenous Community'(Sanders, 1999; Kendall, 2001; Coates, 2004; Bernhardt, 2015). Actually ‘Indigenous' is an identity given by the colonial authorities and their attitudes towards the local communities, clans, tribes and nations as because these ethnic people maintain some aesthetic, cultural values that linked with that given region (Sanders, 1999; Coates, 2004). In ‘Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989', (No. 169), mainly known as ILO Convention 169, International Labor Organization(ILO) has given the perfect definition based on the social, cultural and demographic aspect of an indigenous community. It defines aboriginal community as "tribal peoples in independent countries whose social, cultural and economic conditions distinguish them from other sections of the national community and whose status is regulated wholly or partially by their own customs or traditions or by special laws or regulations" (Swepston, 1990, UN, n.d.). Indigenous communities have faced various types of oppression over the years by the colonial states which caused the communities to leave their histories, traditional lifestyle, land use, professions and so on (Mathie and Cunnigham, 2005; Hamstead, 2005; Smith and Seyfang, 2007).
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In Canada, Indigenous people refer to First Nations, Métis and Inuit, although sometimes it has been criticized as a state-imposed conception of Indigenous identity with the goal of creating a discourse of assimilation (Alfred and Corntassel,
In Canada, Indigenous people refer to First Nations, Métis and Inuit, although sometimes it has been criticized as a state-imposed conception of Indigenous identity with the goal of creating a discourse of assimilation (Alfred and Corntassel,