African Americans ventured to set up public assistance like that Freedmen’s Bureau who provided shelter, medical assistance, and food; however, was shut down by congress and left African Americans without anything. Without education or mobility, and lacking capital or any legal tender at all, many found themselves tending to whites without pay. A more insidious bondage was that of terror, fostered by the Ku Klux Klan whose white members knew their acts would be met with impunity. (http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/pds/maai2/freedom/text6/text6read.htm) Furthermore, those living in southern states encountered black codes (p. 303) and Jim Crow laws allowing local authorities to arrest the freedmen and commit them to involuntary labor. In addition to harsh conditions, the decision by the Supreme Court to oppose the separate but, not equal law in the Plessy vs. Ferguson case dejected African American attempts to become urbanized, leave farm life, escape brutality and harsh conditions. Laws, policies and amendments did not assist any one of color. Using racial prejudice, justified slavery as an important component of the conservative trend just as the ubiquity of segregation. (p. …show more content…
Jim Crow laws were an institutional or hierarchical ideology that uprooted the Civil War, eventually emanating into Black Codes, and lasted beyond the modern civil rights movement. In the Souls of Black Folk, scholar W. E. Dubois, used the term “the veil” to describe the emplacement of statutes on segregation between blacks and whites. Whites used Jim Crow laws, arguing against the Fourteenth Amendment, preventing amalgamate of two ethnic boundaries to strengthen white supremacy for the betterment of white society. Segregation was constituted in various southern states, but affected blacks everywhere when it came to employment, voting rights and use of facilities. Whites sanctioned the belief that blacks were inferior to them and as a result blacks went through tremulous episodes that made them destitute, as well as