Enheduanna (~2300 BCE): Enheduanna was the daughter of Sargon of Akkad, the first ruler of the Akkadian Empire in Ancient Sumeria, approximately 2300 BCE. She is the largely credited as being the world’s first named author; she wrote numerous poems, psalms, and prayers which lay the foundation for later Hebrew psalms and the Homeric Hymns of Ancient Greece. Enheduanna served as High Priestess to the Akkadian Empire, and was charged with the responsibility to maintain the city’s temple complex and suppress uprisings and rebellion against her father’s regime. Hatshepsut (1478-1458 BCE): Hatshepsut was the daughter of King Thutmose I, and upon her husband’s death in 1479 BCE, she became the most powerful female leader of Egypt. She was the first woman to assume full responsibility and power as pharaoh, commissioning large building projects and conducting military expeditions into Nubia.…
As discussed frequently in the previous weeks of the course, the Hellenic era or Hellenistic movement was extremely vital to the world the would form in Greece after the dark ages. The Hellenic era gave way to rich ideas on arts, architecture, politics, and society. The all would have a positive impact that helped to great some of the most prasied and studied works and ideas of that time. But just like any movement the impact is only as great the people who help to maintain and keep it alive. They are just as much as important as the people who began the movement, as it their job to make all that effort wasn't nothing.…
For the next 7 years, The Spartans fail to bring the Athenians to a culminating battle in Attica. True to his predictions, the Spartans suffer a series of setbacks and defeats, culminating with the battle of Pylos and the subsequent capture of approximately120 Spartiates. The disaster at Pylos so upsets the Spartans that they seek an armistice immediately, but, as Thucydides records, “the Athenians, however, kept grasping at more, and dismissed envoy after envoy without their having effected anything. Such was the history of Pylos.” The capture of this large amount of Spartiates, coupled with the Athenian fort on the doorsteps of Laconia, dramatically increased the existential risk to the survival of the Spartan nation.…
Provide significant details about the author (120-1): Homer Style\5 conventions (121) - Invocation (a formal plea for help), In media res (starting into the middle of the story), Epic similes (similes that compare heroic events and everyday life), Metrical structure (the pattern of beats in ), and Stock epithets (an adjective or phrase that is used over and over). Philosophies (Women)- Criticism- Homer's criticisms include that he "...is said to have composed...the Iliad..." and the Odyssey and was blind(120). Literary Era\Age (103-113):_____700 B.C._______ Information about the era: (Timeline\Fast Facts)- Hellenic colonization spreads to southern Italy, Asia Minor, Black Sea. Historical(Greeks)- Greeks establish their colonies in areas…
The first-wave, “River-Valley” civilizations had a major influence on geography of the second-wave, “Classical” civilizations. Both the first-wave and second-wave civilizations’ geography led to the formation of city-states. The geography of the first-wave civilizations led to a much more agrarian based way of living then the second-wave civilizations. Lastly, the geography of both the first and second-wave civilizations led both of them to the development of trade. The first-wave “River-Valley” civilizations geography had a major influence on the second-wave, “Classical” civilizations through formation of city-states, agriculture management, and the development of trade.…
Sparta was one of the first city-states in Ancient Greece. Sparta was mostly a warrior society and it reached its height of power after defeating one of the other first Greek city-states Athens. It’s culture was customarily centered on loyalty to its state and military service.…
Because the Persians wanted to expand their empire throughout Asia, into Asia Minor (the area between the Black and Mediterranean Seas) and take oversight over the Eastern Civilization they provoked the Ionian Revolt, marking the beginning of the longstanding conflict between the Greek and Persian Empires. In around 550 BC Cyrus I, emperor of Persia at the time, conquer the vast territory of Ionia. Because of the advanced knowledge in science and math, to Persia, Ionia seemed to be the most accomplished city-states in Greece. The people of Ionia were disgruntled with their new, oppressive…
Coming out of the Greek Dark Age, the lands of western Asia Minor appear to have been inhabited by a variety of peoples. This includes Greek settlers from main land Greece. These are grouped north to south as the tribes of the Aeolians, Ionians, and Dorians. Eventually, these cities came under the control of the Persian Empire. There were various conflicts and rebellions from time to time.…
Around 3000 B.C., Thebes was first inhabited. Did you know that Thebes is also the same as “Kameia”. From 2500 B.C. there is evidence of food, wool production, and storage. For example: grinding stones, and terracotta loom, weights and spools, and bronze carpentry tools. Trade, for both local and further afield is suggested by the presence of precious goods.…
Culture of Ancient Sparta Sparta was a city-state in Greece located on Peloponnesus, a peninsula southwest of Athens. It was a society that based everything around war and they were a very powerful city-state, and they had their peak at around 431-404 B.C. Spartan culture was unique in many ways, the men and women both played important roles, their children were taught from an early age the importance of loyalty and self discipline. The soldiers were known for their crimson red cloaks and courage, they looked to the Gods for appreciation and sometimes disappointment. They were a very courageous and self disciplined culture, self denial and simplicity was the Spartan way.…
The geography of Greece effected the Greek civilization greatly. Ancient Greece’s land wasn’t the easiest to live on. It wasn’t very fertile which didn’t give the Greeks much food. They had to find other ways to get food. The land also consisted of many hills and mountains that separated the land.…
The first known civilization in Greece was the Minoan culture on the island of Crete, which existed around 2000 B.C. Many wall paintings were found at the ruins of the palace Knossos thought to have come from the Minoan culture. The Minoans were conquered by the Mycenaeans from the mainland in approximately 1450 B.C. After the Minoans defeat Ancient Greece was dominated by small city-states. Due to Greece's rough geography it was hard to unify the country under the rule of a single king, which lead to a development of these The largest of these were Athens, Sparta, and Thebes. They were often at war with each…
The Greeks were no strangers to war and violence. In fact, they embraced it. The Mycenaeans, dating back to 1600 B.C., they laid the basis for the Greeks. Embellished polis’ or city-states started to emerge from the Grecian mainland, such as Athens, Sparta, Thebes, and Delphi, as well as many others. In the height of Ancient Greek civilization, wars displayed Greek unity and power against foreigners, such as the Trojan Wars (1260-1180 B.C.), and the Persian War (490-479 B.C.).…
Around the time period 750-500 BCE the Poleis began colonization around the Aegean Rim. These colonies expanded the reach of the ancient Greek influence, creating a “society built for war” (110). Many social changes would be seen throughout this period, including changes to political systems and social structure. Perhaps different from colonization of different times, Archaic colonization was not for military means. Instead, the settlers were on the search for new, undiscovered lands and resources.…
In ancient greece colonies were founded by people who left their homes, sometimes as a sequel to civil disorders, too many people somewhere and sometimes as a result of ostracism. But a majority of the time colonies were created to establish and make relations of trade with other countries not of their own, to increase the wealth of the mother-city or the metropolis .In fact in the first half of the first millennium BC, the greek people wanted more land than what they already had. So they decided to found greek colonies across the Mediterranean Sea. Trade was typically known as the first step in colonization.…