ABSTRACT:
Novelity basically resembles here to the fact that tendency of humans and animals to explore novel and unfamiliar formulations or the stimuli. The idea of dopamine modulation roams around the approach towards the fact that, the novel stimuli excite dopamine neurons and activate the brain regions receiving dopaminergic input.
The present review basically enriches the fact of various conceptual strategies involved for dopamine modulation which enhances the novelity driven value and led to imply that excessive novelity seeking characteristic impulsivity, behavioral addictions might be caused by increase in dopamine steaming from fewer reuptakes.
KEYWORDS:
Curiosity, Dopamine, Exploitation, Exploration, Foraging, Impulsivity, Novelty …show more content…
Identifying the neural mechanisms mediating novelty seeking is an important question, as deviations in novelty seeking characterize various psychiatric and neurological disorders. Exploring novel stimuli reduces uncertainty about the environment, and is necessary for acquiring information to optimize choice behavior. The trade-off between exploring novel options and exploiting known options is important in environments where choice options are dynamically changing. By learning the statistics of the environment, one can strategically manage this trade-off and maximize reward totals.
To determine whether dopamine enhances novelty seeking, we systemically inhibited the dopamine transporter (DAT) and examined how this pharmacological manipulation affected novelty seeking during decision making. We manipulated dopamine by injecting the dopamine transporter (DAT) inhibitor, GBR-12909, or saline, before the animals performed a probabilistic three-arm bandit task where novel options were randomly introduced. DAT is specific to the cell membrane of dopamine neurons and controls reuptake of extracellular dopamine. Blocking DAT therefore increases extracellular dopamine
Novelity basically resembles here to the fact that tendency of humans and animals to explore novel and unfamiliar formulations or the stimuli. The idea of dopamine modulation roams around the approach towards the fact that, the novel stimuli excite dopamine neurons and activate the brain regions receiving dopaminergic input.
The present review basically enriches the fact of various conceptual strategies involved for dopamine modulation which enhances the novelity driven value and led to imply that excessive novelity seeking characteristic impulsivity, behavioral addictions might be caused by increase in dopamine steaming from fewer reuptakes.
KEYWORDS:
Curiosity, Dopamine, Exploitation, Exploration, Foraging, Impulsivity, Novelty …show more content…
Identifying the neural mechanisms mediating novelty seeking is an important question, as deviations in novelty seeking characterize various psychiatric and neurological disorders. Exploring novel stimuli reduces uncertainty about the environment, and is necessary for acquiring information to optimize choice behavior. The trade-off between exploring novel options and exploiting known options is important in environments where choice options are dynamically changing. By learning the statistics of the environment, one can strategically manage this trade-off and maximize reward totals.
To determine whether dopamine enhances novelty seeking, we systemically inhibited the dopamine transporter (DAT) and examined how this pharmacological manipulation affected novelty seeking during decision making. We manipulated dopamine by injecting the dopamine transporter (DAT) inhibitor, GBR-12909, or saline, before the animals performed a probabilistic three-arm bandit task where novel options were randomly introduced. DAT is specific to the cell membrane of dopamine neurons and controls reuptake of extracellular dopamine. Blocking DAT therefore increases extracellular dopamine