Evaluate The Usefulness Of Operant Conditioning

Improved Essays
In this TMA I, will evaluate the usefulness of conditioning for our understanding of human behaviour. To begin with I look at what conditioning is and how the understanding of this phenomenon developed. Furthermore, I perceive how conditioning has been applied to human behaviour and what the benefits consist of when the principle of conditioning is applied to human behaviour. Finally, I identify some of the limits to the usefulness of conditioning for understanding human behaviour.
First, I would like address the question of, ‘What is conditioning and how the understanding of this phenomenon developed?’. Conditioning, is a behavioural procedure whereby a reaction turns out to be more continuous or more unsurprising in each situation subsequently of fortification, with reinforcement typically being a stimulus or reward for a desired reaction.
There are two key concepts in regards to conditioning, these are operant and classical. Operant conditioning is a process that attempts to control behaviour through the use of positive and negative behaviour. This type of conditioning is used in everyday life and we as humans are all subject to this. A typical example of operant conditioning is a parent who rewards their child with a star chart for going to sleep every night without any conflict or promising them a gift if they keep their
…show more content…
A prime example of this was developed by Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936), a Russian psychologist who carried out a series of tests today alluded to as 'Pavlov's Dogs'. His exploration would get to be distinctly prestigious for showing the route in traditional conditioning (additionally alluded to as Pavlovian conditioning) could be utilized to develop a specific relationship between the event of one occasion in the foresight of another, hence how the conditioning phenomenon developed. (Psychologist World,

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    This study investigates the use of evaluative conditioning, Evaluative conditioning is the concern on how we can come to like or dislike something through an association. If something that we have no strong feelings towards such as an object or individual becomes associated with something that we strongly dislike such as a disliked taste then our feelings to that once not felt association become changed, this showing that we can come to dislike that thing too. This can also happen when something is paired with anything that is liked through association we can come to like the pairing even more. Such as names the individual associates dislikes to names through past experiences with a person whom shares the name. (Open University 2015)…

    • 753 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    As students taking psychology at Hood College, we started to learn about the branches of conditioning. After learning about this we were then asked to observe 3 different commercials that were very peculiar because they seemed normal to the naked eye. But after analyzing it more closely we saw a few different types of conditions being present. The types of condition that were perceived were classical conditioning, operant conditioning and observational learning. To start off, classical conditioning is “A type of learning in which a neutral stimulus acquires the ability to evoke a response that was originally evoked by another stimulus.”…

    • 1316 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Within the behaviourist approach, there are two different types of learning one being called classical conditioning and the other operant conditioning. The classical conditioning theory of learning suggests that all of individual’s behaviour is learnt through ‘association’. Classical conditioning was discovered by Ivan Pavlov a Russian physiologist, in 1902. He was born on 14th September 1840 and died on 27th February 1936.…

    • 961 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Behaviourism arose in 1913 by John B. Watson who tried to leave the introspectionist theory behind and put his focus to mainly looking at intelligence and tried to narrow psychology to experimental laboratory methods. B.F Skinner and Ivan Pavlov focused on their concepts of conditioning which we know are Operant and Classical. The main assumptions of the Behaviourist theory is the idea of ‘free will’ is not correct and our behaviours have to be detected by our surrounding world either through being taught these or being associated by them. Pavlov studied the automatic responses and found a stimulus that could be the answer to this. His most famous work was his study of the digestive process of dogs and he wanted to see if dogs would start to…

    • 624 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    I have also taken a psychology course that dealt with the topic I’m about to discuss and I’ve read a lot about it. E. Preview of main points: 1. First, I will discuss classical conditioning and go through the experiments done and some examples. 2.…

    • 727 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Operant conditioning is a type of learning where behavior is controlled by consequences. The purpose is to strengthen the behavior and make it happen more often. There are different consequences you can use are positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment, and negative punishment.…

    • 759 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    To further explain classical conditioning in a lighter tone, in a “Lumen Learning” article informing, “..conditioning has been used as a successful form of treatment..in substance abuse and smoking.” (Lumen Learning). These treatments include having a uncomfortable or undesirable stimulus which results in having a different perspective on the past substance abuse. This may sound like it’s practical but this is another form controlling a person's thought process, relating to psychology is potentially dangerous. In a “ConnectUs” article it explains how conditioning is not useful even if it’s for good.…

    • 996 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Classical Conditioning

    • 678 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist studied animals and the mechanisms underlying their digestive systems. His interest lied in reflexes when he saw dogs drooling with the presence of food. Therefore, he conducted an experiment in which a dog was hooked up to an apparatus that measured the dog’s salivation response. Amidst testing, he discovered that the dog would begin salivating before seeing or smelling the food. Though this was a phenomenon he stumbled upon, it also bothered Pavlov since he could no longer control the start of the dog’s salivation.…

    • 678 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Classical conditioning is defined as: “A process by which a previously neutral stimulus acquires the capacity to elicit a response through association with a stimulus that already elicits a similar or related response” (Plous,…

    • 936 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Conditioning is when we associate something with something else so that eventually both things get similar reactions from us. As defined in The Developing Person 10th edition, page 34, “the processes by which responses become linked to particular stimuli”. When I was younger, whenever we needed medication, my mother would mix it in with some grape juice so that we wouldn't taste the strong bitterness but rather would rather indulge in the flavored of grape juice that was normally only allowed on Sabbath. This worked for a couple years, I’m sure, but after while my association to grape juice was with feeling sick. I began to want to throw up, or felt as though I had a headache after just a little sip of my once-favorite drink.…

    • 513 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    For example, you know that when your mother crosses her arms and stares at you that means she is angry and is about to yell at your for something. Over the years, you have been exposed to that behavior and have become classically conditioned regarding how your mom acts when she is mad/angry at you, which has to deal with the process of Classical Conditioning. Using Aversive conditioning, when mom crosses her arms she is mad/angry and starts yelling and you suspect that behavior and to avoid her yelling at you, you apologize to her or calm her down before she starts to yell at you. Also, Appetitive Conditioning can also be used. Through body language one can experience predicting a satisfying event or predict and avoid an unsatisfying event based on the body language being presented from someone you are familiar with.…

    • 921 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Operant conditioning can be used in behaviour modification, stopping addiction, language acquisition and in many other areas through reinforcement or punishment. Punishment is used to stop bad behaviours while reinforcement stops the bad behaviour and teaches what to do instead. A good example of the application of operant conditioning is a speeding driver. If he gets a ticket on that particular day, chances are, he will not over speed in future. The ticket is the punisher that puts the behaviour of over speeding to an end.…

    • 1205 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Emotional Conditioning

    • 1620 Words
    • 7 Pages

    When the response initially caused by a stimuli is transferred into a learned habit, typically by repetition, a conditioned response has been created in the individual. Conditioned individuals may not even realize that this has occurred. In fact, for a response to be “conditioned,” the…

    • 1620 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Fear Of Cockroaches

    • 743 Words
    • 3 Pages

    However, classical conditioning is not a condition of a everyday life. Yet, scientists still can have proofs by doing experiments with this. However, a behavior or response on something in a daily life can be done by operant conditioning or observational learning. From my experience, my fear towards cockroaches was based on my cousin’s fear towards them (observational learning). Every person is different from each other that’s why their responses towards certains things are different from each…

    • 743 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    I will first explain what operant conditioning is, the effects it has on behavior, the steps I would take to create a healthy body modification plan, and the types of reinforcements to change behavior. First and foremost, it is important to understand exactly what operant conditioning is. Operant conditioning is defined as the learning of voluntary behavior through the effects of pleasant and unpleasant consequences to responses. This is known as reinforcement. There are two types of reinforcement, positive and negative.…

    • 737 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays