Anne Schneider and Helen Ingram authors of Policy Design for Democracy, state that Critical Theories Public Policy is concerned with “.....oppression and domination in modern advanced societies and a commitment to radically participatory, non hierarchical forms of political, economic, and social interaction” (Schneider and Ingram, 1997, p. 51). This critical perspective challenges the scientific knowledge being superior to other categories of knowledge. It questions the discoveries of scientific and technological findings to be beneficial to a better society (Schneider and Ingram, 1997, p. 51). The critical approaches include critical theory of democracy, critical inquiry, critical feminism, …show more content…
1275). There was an impact of the development of the increase of prison population for new admissions for drug offenses combined with longer mandatory sentences to sustain these unusually and historically high levels of the prison population despite the decline in crimes in 1990 (Roberts, 2004, p. 1275). Roberts stated that “The War on Drugs became its own prisoner-generating machine” (Roberts, 2004, p. …show more content…
2). During the time of supposed colorblindness and minorities rising to high positions, it is no longer socially permissible to use race as a justification for discrimination and exclusion (Alexander, 2010, p. 2). Alternatively, not using race for discrimination, was replaced by the use of the criminal justice system (Alexander, 2010, p. 2). The same marginalization and oppression that was done to African Americans under the Old Jim Crow laws are being inflicted upon people of color as “criminals” (Alexander, 2010, p. 2). The label of felon is utilized as a means to discriminate in the ways the Old Jim Crow laws allowed (Alexander, 2010, p. 2). Discrimination came in venues of employment, housing, education, voting, food stamps and other benefits (Alexander, 2010, p.