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How Port Chicago Changed the World By: Abigail Port Chicago Information Port Chicago is a Navy Port in California where ammunition was loaded and shipped primarily by African Americans out to the soldiers fighting in World War II (Sheinkin). Untrained African American soldiers had to load the ammunition while white soldiers commanded them. Some of this ammunition included small caliber bullets, incendiary bombs, fragmentation bombs, depth charges, and bombs up to 2,000 pounds(Browne). The cargo nets were lowered by the ships booms into a hatch, where they were packed layer by layer and secured with dunnage.…
The railway revolution began in the 1840s when the gold was discovered in California that brought thousands of people to the West. The launch mark of the railroad development in the American West started with the proclamation of the Pacific Railroad Act that announced the building of the Transcontinental Railroad. Responsibility to build the Transcontinental Railroad was taken by two companies – the Union Pacific and the Central Pacific.…
The last blow to the final rail spike in Utah sent a wave of excitement and achievement across America. Travel by the new railroad coast to coast in a week. “American Experience: Transcontinental Railroad” the video explained the results of the railroad being built, people who built it, and the sacrifices Indians faced. The major result of building Transcontinental Railroad was that for the first time in history American coasts were connected.…
The Changes of Architecture Architecture is not only a form of shelter but of culture. It is also a practice of expression and art. During the 1880s United States architecture was customary to be built of the current style and theme. Today’s architecture is more constructed of what is individual and authentic. Architecture today unlike 1880s is to be more unique and professional.…
During the early and late 1850s the United States was split into two parts North and South. The North who didn’t own slaves and were against segregation were helping blacks earn freedom, and the South who owned slaves and gave them no freedom what’s so ever by giving them harsh labor day and night. In the mid 1850s the North was helping owned slaves in the South escap by creating Underground Railroads and Safe Houses. Underground Railroads were the most effective way slaves were brought to freedom, it is estimated that more than 100,000 enslaved people were brought to freedom throughout 1850 and 1860.…
The topic of gentrification has become popular among discussions in Chicago. Latino communities in Chicago, like Pilsen, have recently been the target of this. Why is it that people decide to move into impoverished neighborhoods? Most argue that it helps bring “back to life” neighborhoods. Others say it’s simply the taking of culture and taking advantage of the low prices.…
This house project was finances by the Housing Division of the federal Public Works Administration (PWA). Mackley main idea was to offered many different alternative to conventional homes for all the needed poor people around this time. Another of Mackley reason of this project was to get neighbors be more connected to each other by offering recreational settings. For instance, in the book, “Civitas By Design, building better communities from the garden city to the new urbanism” by Howard Gillette, Jr, in chapter 8 says, “the placement of four apartment buildings around open space offered safe areas for play among children as well as gatherings of adults. Balconies and recessed porches in each unit facilitated exchange outside the home, even as a border of trees around the facility directed attention back to other common amenities—a community swimming pool, a cooperative grocery store, an auditorium, even roof space devoted to socializing.”…
Then there’s the whole other race factor: Is concern over “income levels” and “demographic change” just gloss for an underlying assumption—that neighborhoods go south when white people move out and black people move in. If that isn’t enough to roil the revitalization waters, this emerging shift in neighborhood policy rings all kinds of alarm bells about gentrification and social engineering. Baltimore has avoided such prickly issues for the last decade with a community development approach under former Mayor Kurt Schmoke that favored the most decayed sectors in the city. Now, as Mayor Martin O’Malley’s administration begins formulating a new approach that gives greater consideration to neighborhoods that haven’t yet deteriorated those tricky issues threaten to surface. That has raised fears in some quarters of a polemical battle.…
Goss goes to great lengths analyzing, supporting, and explaining each of his five points, but also briefly touches on his own conclusions of outlining strategies that consumers might actually be a conscious challenge to the purpose and operation of the shopping center and mall's built environment. Goss begins with the exploration of the stigma of a class in regards to the shopping world and the impact on the culture. He discusses the techniques of illusion and allusion in regards to the "psyche" of the mall and its consumers. These establishments were typically the product of corporations, whether finance, construction, or commercial capital corporations with teams of people with varying skill sets and backgrounds in the development and design…
The writer looked deeply to the effects of modernist principles of neighborhood of the American cites. She critiqued what has been built in cites and how a lot of buildings were useless. Jacob stated how a lot of spaces are empty and not well designed for people to interact with. Moreover, she explained the urban plan organize people without caring about people just to make organize cites and make perfection in shape, which means that people are far from nature.…
De Botton, Alain. The Architecture Of Happiness. New York: Pantheon Books, 2006. Print.…
Capitalism, with its drive to create money and jobs, supports the obsolescence model. In architecture, the idea arose around 1910, when perfectly sound buildings began to be demolished and replaced by something new, something better. It reached its height in the 1950s and 1960s, when entire neighborhoods, such as Boston’s West End, were…
It should extract from the history of the building. It is because the historic building is not only material but also in living memory. The built city is a set of collective memories that embody a dimension of time. Chapter 1: The Structure of Urban Artifacts In this chapter, Rossi elaborates the view of typology.…
The Impact of Gentrification on Urbanism __________________________________________________________________________________ Introduction Today, most urban development results in or is an influence of gentrification. As is claimed by Vicario and Martinez Monje, “Since the late 1970s, it has become increasingly apparent that the gentrification phenomenon should not be seen as an individual, isolated outcome of residential rehabilitation, but as an integral part of a much broader, deeper process of urban restructuring” (2003, p.2383).…
Pierre Francastel and Sigfried Giedion were both analytical in their accounts of industrial revolution’s impact on architecture via the usage of mass-produced material such as iron and glass. However, the two accounts indeed took very different stands on their opinion of the machine and the progression of architecture. Bibliothѐque Sainte-Geneviѐve was indisputably one of the most remarkable examples of iron and glass applications during that era, agreed by both Francastel and Giedion. However, in the eyes of Francastel, the usage of iron and glass to construct classical forms were considered more backward, as he felt the architect did not envision a new style; one that maximised the nature of the newly-popularised materials , hence the lack…