The purpose of this lab was to analyze and examine periodic trends of the first 36 elements that are on the periodic table. Trends that were analyzed and examined are the atomic radius (AR) and the first ionization energy (IE) of the 36 elements. The hypothesis for this lab was that the elements that are in the groups that had the highest atomic radius would be in the same groups as those who have the the highest first ionization energy and the groups who have the lowest atomic radius would be in the same groups as those elements who have the lowest first ionization energy. In order for the lab to be completed, a chart that was split into four sections was made to collect all the necessary data that is needed to make the graphs. After the data has been collected, a graph that contains both trends was made on a piece of graph paper.…
The element was assigned to group 17 (the halogens) because it’s color is yellow, similar to those of the other elements in the group. Also, the other elements have negative melting points and poor conductivity, the same as Fluorine. “The halogens have a wide range of physical properties” (127). In addition, we observed that “Fluorine and chlorine are gases” (127). Fluorine could not be placed in group 18 as elements of group 18 are radioactive and are colorless, which do not apply to Fluorine.…
Fluorine isn't simply an “F” on the periodic table. It is much more. In fact, fluorine is the most important element of any element on the periodic table. It indeed does not belong to the great collection of Noble Gases in Group 8A of the periodic table, but its position in Group 7A alongside the elegant Noble Gases solidifies it as one of the leading significant elements at our disposal. For that reason, in the the showmanship of element practicality, fluorine is an outstanding competitor!…
The use of crystals expressed by Wicca societies is remain alive for rituals and healing, in highest form. There’s many to choose from such as; agate, bloodstone, citrine, fluorite, malachite, onyx, quartz, ruby, tigers eye, turquoise just to name a few, also, they’re used anywhere from healing to casting spells and are used in sequence with elements such as; earth, wind, fire, water, spirit and air. Crystals are beautiful, shinny and colorful however, they are full of energy and healing.…
Gallium also has origins in the Latin word Gallus. Boisbaudran was also able to obtain the free metal by electrolysis of a solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH). Lecoq de Boisbaudran had to work through a large amount of zinc ore. But his hunch turned out to be correct. What Boisbaudran didn’t realise…
In 1803, Dalton published his Law of Partial Pressures, which states that in “a mixture of non-reacting gases, the total pressure is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases” (Famous). His interest in gases led him to the study of atoms. In 1808 he published A New System of Chemical Philosophy, which contained Dalton’s Law. Dalton’s Law states that “if two elements form more than one compound between them, then the ratios of the masses of the second element which combine with a fixed mass of the first element will be ratios of small whole numbers”…
Fluorite, also called fluorspar, is a mineral made up of calcium and fluoride or calcium fluoride. It can come in every single color on the color spectrum. Fluorite dates back at least to the 1500s and has many industrial uses. Its crystals are cubic shaped.…
Atoms are the simplest form of matter. On Earth matter can be a solid, liquid, or a gas. The atoms that create the states of matter also create elements. Currently, there are organized on a chart known as the periodic table, one such element is Germanium.…
However, despite the emitted light being distinct and personalized to each cation used in this experiment, flame tests are limited with regards to their inability to identify more than one metal cation present in a solution.13 If two or more cations were present in a solution, the results are highly probable of being classified as indefinite since the color of the flame cannot be clearly attributed to a single cation. The colors of flame tests are also susceptible to subjectivity, especially when it comes to some metals producing similar colors, resulting in certain compounds to become difficult to identify and differentiate from one another. How soaked the wooden stick was in the solution was also a factor that had to be taken into consideration…
In eighteenth century science, the mechanical philosophy remained dominant with emphasis on understanding the composition, combustion, and fluids of matter. This led to an increase in identification and classification in both the physical and life sciences as scientists studied the properties of gases, acids, and bases. Thus, the eighteenth century was a time where the study of composition of matter, theories of heat, and electrical behavior of matter directed the physical science with classification beginning to occupy naturalists. All of these elements in science at the time impacted the mechanics of society.…
It is evident that oxygen, an odorless and colorless reactive gas, serves as an essential component of life. Aside from the commonly heard gaseous necessities, natural gas has also proven to equally and indirectly impact daily activities. It is comprised of numerous hydrogen and carbon containing compounds. Commonly referred to as methane, ethane, propane etc., natural gas is utilized during regular household tasks such as dinner preparation through means of a stovetop. Although little attention has been given to the presence, retrieval and usage of natural gas, hazards and benefits are constantly revised and discovered.…
Hydrogen Cyanide Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) is an extremely poisonous liquid discovered in 1782 by Carl Scheele, a Swedish chemist. HCN is very toxic because it stops cells from using oxygen properly thus causing death. Although HCN is a great solvent for salts, it cannot be used due to its high toxicity. Even though it is general stable, it has the capacity to combust in the company of basic substances such as ammonia or sodium cyanide. What is its structure?…
Many chemicals are safe to handle but negatively impact the environment in the long run. Other chemicals such as arsenic are toxic even in the smallest amounts. Mercury is a natural element that occurs throughout our environment and solar system. It has unique properties (i.e liquid metal at room temperature) and can be found in very small concentrations in many rocks and is the main component of the mineral cinnabar. Natural background levels can be detected in soils, living organisms, air, and water around the world.…
Ammonia is a compound composed of nitrogen and hydrogen, having the formula NH3. The ammonia molecule is formed by sp3 orbitals as it has a tetrahedral geometry and a trigonal pyramidal shape. Ammonia has an experimentally determined bond angle of 106.7°, and an a bond length of 101.7 pm. The nitrogen atom in the molecule has a lone electron pair, which gives the molecule a dipole moment and polarity. Ammonia’s lone electron pair makes NH3 a base, a proton acceptor, and gives it the ability to readily form bonds.…
Antigone was my favorite reading from this class so far. It relates to the overall theme of the class because the characters own ideas drive them insane causing them to become mad. One can infer that Creon is considered to be mad because he is very irrational, did not take anyone else’s feelings into account when he drove three people to ultimately their graves. Many considered Antigone to be mad because she is does not conform to social expectations for women (or men). She is deviant because her actions are not what a typical Greek woman would do.…