Vet Tech - Clinical Anatomy - Chapter 2

Front 1

What is a Chemical added to water called?

Back 1

A solute(s). (And the result of the chemicals plus water is called the solution.)

Front 2

More chemicals can be dissolved in ________ than any other known solvent.

Back 2

Water

Front 3

Water is known as the?

Back 3

Universal Solvent

Front 4

Chemicals that dissolve or mix well in water care called?

Back 4

hydrophilic (water loving)

Front 5

Molecules that do not mix well with water are called?

Back 5

hydrophobic (water hating)

Front 6

Water is an ideal ________ medium.

Back 6

transport

Front 7

Water has a _______ capacity and a _______ of vaporization.

Back 7

high heat, high heat

Front 8

Water is used for _________.

Back 8

lubrication.

Front 9

_____ are mineral compounds that have ionic bonds, and they are principal form of minerals that enter and are stored in the body.

Back 9

Salts

Front 10

Salts in their ionic form are known as?

Back 10

electrolytes

Front 11

What is a substances that have the ability to transmit an electrical charge?

Back 11

electrolytes.

Front 12

What are ionically bonded substances that, when added to water, freely release hydrogen ions (H+)?

Back 12

Acids. (Acids are called proton donors, since H+ is a proton with no electron.)

Front 13

What are alkaline compounds that are ionically bonded, also ionize in water but release a hydroxyl ion (OH-)?

Back 13

Bases. (Bases are known as proton acceptors.)

Front 14

On the pH scale what is considered to be at the top, near 0?

Back 14

Highly Acidic.

Front 15

On the pH scale what is considered to be at the bottom, near 14?

Back 15

Basic (Alkaline).

Front 16

Weak acids and bases are ones that do not completely ionize in water and act as?

Back 16

Buffers to the solution. Buffering the solution means to keep the pH in a neutral range.

Front 17

Organic molecules are molecules that contain carbon. What are the four groups divided into?

Back 17

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Front 18

What is a long, complex molecules, often with repeating units called?

Back 18

Macromolecules

Front 19

What are molecules used for energy, storage of energy, and cellular structures called?

Back 19

Carbohydrates.

Front 20

The simplest form of a carbohydrate is called?

Back 20

a simple sugar, or monosaccharide.

Front 21

Glucose contains _____ carbon atoms, and is known as a hexose sugar.

Back 21

six

Front 22

Pentose sugar contains _____ carbon atoms.

Back 22

five

Front 23

When two monosaccharides are joined together the reaction is a synthesis reaction and forms a?

Back 23

disaccharide.

Front 24

When a disaccharide is formed water is extracted from the saccharides and this reaction is called?

Back 24

dehydration synthesis.

Front 25

A combination of glucose and fructose make?

Back 25

sucrose, which is table sugar.

Front 26

The process of cells using synthesis reactions to build molecules is?

Back 26

Anabolism.

Front 27

The process of cells decomposing nutrient components is?

Back 27

Catabolism.

Front 28

What are combinations of many monosaccharides, all joined by dehydration synthesis?

Back 28

Polysaccharides.

Front 29

What are used in the body for energy and are stored in fat for future energy needs?

Back 29

Lipids.

Front 30

What are the four classes of lipids that are important for life?

Back 30

neutral fats, phospholipids, steroids, and eicosanoids.