Socioloy Exam 3

Front 1

Social inequality

Back 1

The uneven distribuition of privelages, material rewards, opportunities, power, prestige, and influence among individuals or groups.

Front 2

Upper class

Back 2

1-3% belong to it.
corporate ownership, upper-echelon plolotics, honorific positions in the government and in the arts.

Front 3

upper-middle class

Back 3

10-15%
professional and technical fields, managers, officials, proprietors.

Front 4

lower-middle class

Back 4

25-30%
clerical and sales positions, small buisness and semi professionals, farmers.

Front 5

working class

Back 5

25-30%
skilled and semi skilled manual labor, craftspeople, foremen, nonfarm workers.

Front 6

lower class

Back 6

15-20%
unskilled labor and service work, private household work and farl labor

Front 7

What portion of the income distribution goes to the top 20% and the bottom 20%

Back 7

top 20% - over 100,000
bottom 20% - below 24,780

Front 8

How do we create class distinction

Back 8

by using your social class and class system of stratification.

Front 9

class system of stratification

Back 9

a society that has several different social classes and permits social mobility

Front 10

social class

Back 10

category of people who share similar opportunities, similar economic and vocational positions, similar lifestyles, and similas attitudes and behavios.

Front 11

Poverty level for a family of 4

Back 11

$19,484

Front 12

What problems are assosciated with poverty?

Back 12

Medical bills, putting food on the table, daycare, housing, bills.

Front 13

What race is more likely to be poor? Gender

Back 13

Blacks are the most likely race to live in poverty and women are the most likely gender to live in poverty.

Front 14

What are the myths about the poor?

Back 14

1. People are poor because they are too lazy to work.
2. Most poor people are minorities and most minorities are poor.
3. Most of the poor are single mothers with children.
4. Most people in poverty live in the inner cities.
5. Welfare programs for the poor are straining the federal budget.

Front 15

What program takes up most of our budget and who benefits from it,

Back 15

Social Security and Medicare which mainly go to the middle class

Front 16

What is the trend for federal welfare programs?

Back 16

The elderly are the ones who are benefiting and are some of the people with the highest income.

Front 17

Modernization Theory

Back 17

Assumes that the econmic differences among countries are due to technological and cultural differences

Front 18

Dependency theory

Back 18

Proposes that the economic positions of rich and poor nations are linked and cannot be understood in isolation from each other.Global inequality is due to exploitation of poor socities by the rich ones.

Front 19

Where does the US rank on the UN HDI

Back 19

Ranking - 8
life expectancy - 77.5

Front 20

Sex

Back 20

Physical and biological differences between men and women

Front 21

Gender

Back 21

The social, psychological, and cultural attributes of masculinty and femininity that are based on the previous biological distinctions.

Front 22

how sex and gender interact

Back 22

sex is the ascribed status you recieve when you are born and gender are likes the roles you play for you part. Gender is thought of as an achieved status since it is socially taught.
pg. 285

Front 23

Functionalist viewpoint on gender inequality

Back 23

they argue it was quite useful to have men and women fulfill different roles in preindustrail societies. The society was more efficient when tasks and responsibilites were allocated to particualr individuals who were socialized to fulfill specific roles.

Front 24

Conflict theory viewpoint on gender inequaity

Back 24

males dominate females because of their superior power and control over key resources. A major consequence of this domination is the explotation of women by men,

Front 25

The functionalist viewpoint

Back 25

- Functionalists argue it was useful to have men and women fulfill different roles in the pre industrial societies.
- Because women spent their time near the home, they prepared food, cleaned, etc.
- To the male fell the duties of hunting, defending the family, and herding.

Front 26

The conflict viewpoint

Back 26

- According the conflict theory, males dominate females because of their power and control over key resources.
- By subordinating women, men gain greater economic, political, and social power.
- Conflict theorists believe the main source of gender inequality if the economic inequality between males and females.

Front 27

How do men and women differ in the work force?

Back 27

Three ways women experience discrimination in the business world.
- The hiring process, when women are given jobs with lower prestige then men with equivalent qualifications
- Through unequal wage policies, by which women receive less pay then men for equivalent work.
In awarding promotions, as women find it more difficult than men to advance up the career ladder.
They also have a different set of morals and values.

Front 28

Women earn what percent as much as men do?

Back 28

76.1%

Front 29

What percent of women pay child support?

Back 29

25%

Front 30

Case study Kansas

Back 30

- two couples with one condom. One of the women become pregnant. One is the genetic father and one is the father by actions.

Front 31

SF v. Alabama

Back 31

Strict liability of sperm. Wrongful conduct of mother does not absolve that father of his support obligation

Front 32

caste system

Back 32

rigid form of stratification, based on ascribed characteristics such as skin color or family identity, that determines a persons presitge, occupation, residence adn social relationships.

Front 33

estate systems

Back 33

closed system of stratification in which a persons social position is defined by law and membership is determined primarily by inheritance

Front 34

patriarchal ideology

Back 34

the belief that men are superior to women and shoud control all important aspects f society

Front 35

Ethology

Back 35

the scientific study of animal behavior.

Front 36

what percent of women are part of the work force? what types of jobs do they hold?

Back 36

59%. They occupy the more caring and less laborous jobs