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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Culture |
language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, material objects that characterize a group and are passed from one generation to the next. |
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material culture |
the part of culture that is made up of material goods |
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nonmaterial culture (symbolic culture) |
beliefs, values, assumptions about world, patterns of behavior, language, etc. |
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culture shock |
disorientation |
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ethnocentrism |
judging other culture based off of one's own |
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cultural relativism |
not judging a culture but trying to understand it on it's own terms |
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symbol |
something to which people attach meaning and then use to communicate with one another |
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gestures |
lol |
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language |
a system of symbols that can be combined in an infinite number of ways and can represent not only objects but also abstract thought |
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Saphir-Whorf hypothesis |
Edward Saphir and Benjamin Whorf's hypothesis that language creates ways of thinking and perceiving |
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values |
standards by which people define what is desirable or undesirable, good or bad, beautiful or ugly |
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norms |
expectations of "right" behavior |
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positive sanction |
expresses approval for following a norm (smile, reward, etc.) |
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negative sanction |
expresses disapproval for not following a norm (frown, prison, etc.) |
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Folkways |
norms that are not strictly enforced |
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mores (more-ays) |
norms that are strictly enforced because they are thought essential to core values or the well being of the group |
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taboo |
a norm so strong that it brings extreme sanctions, even revulsion, if violated |
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subculture |
the values and related behaviors of a group that distinguish its members from the larger culture; a world within a world |
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counterculture |
a group whose values, beliefs, norms, and related behaviors place its members in opposition to the broader culture |
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pluralistic society |
a society made up of many different groups |
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core values |
shared values of most groups that make up a society |
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value cluster |
values that together form a larger whole |
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value contradiction |
values that contradict one another; to follow the one means to come into conflict with the other (source for social change) |
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the US has a lot of values because of economic stability. |
#blesst |
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ideal culture |
a people's ideal values and norms; the goals held out for them |
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real culture |
the norms and values that people actually follow; as opposed to ideal culture |
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cultural universals |
a value, norm, or other cultural trait that is found in every group |
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Athough people's behavior in different cultures differs, I wonder how their intentions differ/are similar. Maybe our expressions are different (some push people out of line to get ahead), but our ideals are the same? |
mm |
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sociobiology |
a framework of thought in which human behavior is considered to be the result of natural selection and biological factors; a fundamental cause of human behavior |
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technology |
in its narrow sense, tools; in its broader sense includes the skills or procedures necessary to make and use those tools |
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new technology |
emerging technologies of an era that have a significant impact on social life |
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cultural lag |
William Ogburn's term for human behavior lagging behind technological innovations |
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cultural diffusion |
the spread of cultural traits from one group to another; includes both material and nonmaterial cultural traits |
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cultural leveling |
the process by which cultures become similar to one another; refers specifically to the process by which western culture is being exported and diffused into other nations |
