Sociology Ch. 7 Quiz 2

Front 1

"Crime" differs from "deviance" in that crime

Back 1

c) refers to a violation of norms enacted into law

Front 2

Every society tries to regulate the behavior of individuals; this general process is called

Back 2

c) social control

Front 3

What concept refers to the formal system that responds to alleged violations of the law using police, courts, and prison officials?

Back 3

d) the criminal justice system

Front 4

Read the four statements below. Which comes closest to the correct view of the role of biology in causing people to commit crimes?

Back 4

c) Biological factors may affect behavior, but research puts greater emphasis on social influences.

Front 5

Which of the following are functions of deviance noted by Emile Durkheim?

Back 5

a) Deviance affirms cultural values and norms.

b) Responding to deviance promotes social unity.

c) Responding to deviance clarifies moral boundaries.

d) All of these are correct.

Front 6

Using the terms of Robert Merton's strain theory, which of the following terms would correctly describe a gangster like Al Capone who made a lot of money breaking the law?

Back 6

a) innovator

Front 7

Using the terms of Robert Merton's strain theory, which of the following concepts correctly describes the behavior of a school "dropout" who rejects both cultural goals and the conventional means to reach them?

Back 7

c) retreatist

Front 8

Using the terms in Robert Merton's strain theory, which of the following concepts correctly describes the behavior of a radical activist who rejects just about everything in the existing society in favor of some alternative system?

Back 8

d) rebel

Front 9

Using Robert Merton's strain theory, how would you classify a low-paid, yet compulsively conforming bank teller who never seems to want to get ahead but never seems to do anything wrong?

Back 9

b) ritualist

Front 10

The basic idea behind labeling theory is that

Back 10

b) deviance arise not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do

Front 11

Which of the following statements illustrates the "medicalization of deviance?"

Back 11

a) Theft being redefined as "compulsive stealing."
b) Drinking too much being redefined as "alcoholism."
c) promiscuity being redefined as "sexual addiction."
d) All of these are correct

Front 12

Travis Hirschi's control theory suggests which of the following categories of people would be MOST likely to engage in deviance?

Back 12

c) youngsters who "hang out" waiting for something to happen

Front 13

Using a Marxist approach, Steven Spitzer claims that prime targets for deviant labeling include

Back 13

a) people who try to take the property of others

b) people who do not want to work for a living

c) radicals who call for basic change in society itself

Front 14

Which of the following concepts refers to crime committed by persons of high social position during the course of their occupations?

Back 14

b) white-collar crime

Front 15

Organized crime refers to

Back 15

d) any business that supplies illegal goods or services

Front 16

A hate crime is defined as

Back 16

c) a criminal act motivated by race or other bias

Front 17

Which of the following statements is correct?

Back 17

b) Women commit far fewer crimes than men.

Front 18

Research suggests that, with regard to social class, arrest for serious crime

Back 18

c) is higher for people of lower social position

Front 19

If a parent threatens a child with punishment in order to discourage wrongdoing, the parent is using punishment to accomplish which of the following?

Back 19

a) deterrence

Front 20

A judge sentences a young man who has committed several crimes to counseling and places him in a supportive foster home. Which of the following concepts describes these efforts to prevent further wrongdoing?

Back 20

d) rehabilitation