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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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"Crime" differs from "deviance" in that crime a) is always more serious b) is usually less serious c) refers to a violation of norms enacted into law d) involves a larger share of the population |
c) refers to a violation of norms enacted into law |
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Every society tries to regulate the behavior of individuals; this general process is called a) a neighborhood watch b) self control c) social control d) the legal system |
c) social control |
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What concept refers to the formal system that responds to alleged violations of the law using police, courts, and prison officials? |
d) the criminal justice system |
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Read the four statements below. Which comes closest to the correct view of the role of biology in causing people to commit crimes? c) Biological factors may affect behavior, but research puts greater emphasis on social influences. |
c) Biological factors may affect behavior, but research puts greater emphasis on social influences. |
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Which of the following are functions of deviance noted by Emile Durkheim? a) Deviance affirms cultural values and norms. b) Responding to deviance promotes social unity. c) Responding to deviance clarifies moral boundaries. d) All of these are correct. |
d) All of these are correct. |
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Using the terms of Robert Merton's strain theory, which of the following terms would correctly describe a gangster like Al Capone who made a lot of money breaking the law? |
a) innovator |
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Using the terms of Robert Merton's strain theory, which of the following concepts correctly describes the behavior of a school "dropout" who rejects both cultural goals and the conventional means to reach them?
a) innovator b) ritualist c) retreatist d) rebel |
c) retreatist |
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Using the terms in Robert Merton's strain theory, which of the following concepts correctly describes the behavior of a radical activist who rejects just about everything in the existing society in favor of some alternative system? |
d) rebel |
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Using Robert Merton's strain theory, how would you classify a low-paid, yet compulsively conforming bank teller who never seems to want to get ahead but never seems to do anything wrong? |
b) ritualist |
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The basic idea behind labeling theory is that a) deviance is actually useful in a number of ways b) deviance arises not so much from what people do as how often others respond to what they do c) power has much to do with how a society defines deviance d) all of these are correct |
b) deviance arise not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do |
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Which of the following statements illustrates the "medicalization of deviance?" a) Theft being redefined as "compulsive stealing." b) Drinking too much being redefined as "alcoholism." c) promiscuity being redefined as "sexual addiction." d) All of these are correct |
d) All of these are correct |
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Travis Hirschi's control theory suggests which of the following categories of people would be MOST likely to engage in deviance?
a) students enrolled in college b) teenagers on sports teams with after-school jobs c) youngsters who "hang out" waiting for something to happen d) young people with respect for their parents |
c) youngsters who "hang out" waiting for something to happen |
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Using a Marxist approach, Steven Spitzer claims that prime targets for deviant labeling include a) people who try to take the property of others b) people who do not want to work for a living c) radicals who call for basic change in society itself d) all of these are correct |
d) all of these are correct |
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Which of the following concepts refers to crime committed by persons of high social position during the course of their occupations?
a) victimless crime b) white-collar crime c) organized crime d) street crime |
b) white-collar crime |
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Organized crime refers to a) illegal actions by people with white-collar jobs b) illegal actions on the part of a corporation or large business c) crime involving the cooperation of two or more businesses d) any business that supplies illegal goods or services |
d) any business that supplies illegal goods or services |
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A hate crime is defined as a) any crime against a person who is a minority b) any crime involving anger or other powerful emotion c) a criminal act motivated by race or other bias d) any violation of antidiscrimination laws |
c) a criminal act motivated by race or other bias |
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Which of the following statements is correct? a) Men commit far fewer crimes than women. b) Women commit far fewer crimes than men. c) Women and men commit the same number of crimes. d) Women commit more property crimes than men, but men commit more violent crimes. |
b) Women commit far fewer crimes than men. |
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Research suggests that, with regard to social class, arrest for serious crime a) is about the same for people of all social positions b) is higher for people of higher social position c) is higher for people of lower social position d) almost always involves middle-class people |
c) is higher for people of lower social position |
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If a parent threatens a child with punishment in order to discourage wrongdoing, the parent is using punishment to accomplish which of the following? |
a) deterrence |
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A judge sentences a young man who has committed several crimes to counseling and places him in a supportive foster home. Which of the following concepts describes these efforts to prevent further wrongdoing? |
d) rehabilitation |
