Sociology Ch. 19

Front 1

Knowledge Society

Back 1

knowledge is society's main productive resource

Hint 1

productive resource is...?

Front 2

Global City

Back 2

urban centers that are home to the headquarters of large, transnational corporations

Front 3

Urban Renewal/ Gentrification

Back 3

when areas or buildings become upgraded and return to the control of the high-income dwellers rather than remaining in the hands of the poor

Front 4

Suburbanization

Back 4

massive development and inhabiting of towns surrounding a city

Hint 4

Suburbs

Front 5

Collective Consumption

Back 5

physical shape of cities is a product of both market forces and the power of government (aspect of industrial capitalism)

Front 6

Created Environment

Back 6

lessens the differences in modes of social life between urban and rural people; space is continually restructured

Hint 6

agriculture becomes mechanized (industrial work)

Front 7

Urbanism

Back 7

(Wirth) related to the focus with how life in cities is distinctive from life elsewhere

Hint 7

form of social existence; life of cities can be felt outside of cities too

Front 8

Urban Ecology

Back 8

cities grown in response to advantageous features of the environment

Front 9

Inner-City

Back 9

in center; a mixture of big business prosperity and decaying private houses

Front 10

Conurbation

Back 10

cluster of cities and towns forming a continuos network

Front 11

Megalopolis

Back 11

"city of cities"; peak of urban life today

Front 12

Urbanization

Back 12

movement of the population into towns and cities, away from the land

Hint 12

industrialization increased...?

Front 13

Ecological Approach

Back 13

sitting of major urban settlements and different neighborhoods within them is similar to ecology

Front 14

Megacities

Back 14

role as connection points between enormous human populations and global economy

Hint 14

(Manuel Castells) one of the main features of third millennium urbanization

Front 15

Demography

Back 15

study of population

Front 16

Crude Birthrates

Back 16

expressed as the number of live births per year per thousand of the population

Front 17

Fertility

Back 17

refers to how many live-born children the average woman has

Front 18

Fecundity

Back 18

the potential number of children women are biologically capable of bearing

Front 19

Crude Death Rates

Back 19

number of deaths per thousand of population per year

Hint 19

"mortality rates"

Front 20

Mortality

Back 20

the number of deaths in a population

Front 21

Infant Mortality Rate

Back 21

number of babies per thousand births in any year who die before the age one

Front 22

Life Expectancy

Back 22

number of years the average person can expect to live

Front 23

Life Span

Back 23

maximum number of years that an individual could live

Front 24

Exponential

Back 24

starting with one item and doubling it, doubling the result, etc.

Front 25

Doubling Time

Back 25

the period of time it takes for the population to double

Front 26

Malthusianism

Back 26

Malthus predicted that humans would always live in circumstances of misery and starvation, unless they practiced "moral restraint"

Front 27

Demographic Transition

Back 27

changes in the ratio of births to deaths in the industrialized countries from the 19th century onward

Front 28

Environmental Ecology

Back 28

spread of industrial production may already have done severe damage to the environment

Front 29

Sustainable Development

Back 29

growth should be carried on in such a way as to recycle physical resources rather than deplete them and to keep levels of pollution to a minimum