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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is asexual reproduction?
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reproduction that requires only one parent and produces offspring that are genetic copies of the parent
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What is binary fission?
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a form of asexual reproduction in which a single parent cell replicates its genetic material and divides into two equal parts
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What is budding?
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a form of asexual reproduction in which areas of an individual may undergo repeated mitosis and cell division and can develop into an identical organism
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What is cancer?
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the result of uncontrolled cell division
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What is the cell cycle?
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the three stages of the life of a cell, which includes interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis
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What is a centromere?
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the structure that joins two sister chromatids together
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What is a clone?
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an identical genetic copy of an organism's parent
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What is cytokinesis?
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the final stage of the cell cycle, which separates the two nuclei and cell contents into two daughter cells
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What are embryonic stem cells?
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cells that can become any one of a sexually reproducing organism's body cells
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What is fragmentation?
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a form of asexual reproduction in which each fragment of an organism develops into a clone of its parent
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What is interphase?
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the first and longest stage of the cell cycle, in which the cell carry out life functions and cells that divide prepare for cell division
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What is mitosis?
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the second, and shortest, stage of the cell cycle; the process in which the duplicated contents of the cell's nucleus divides into two equal parts
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What is replication?
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the process during which the cell copies the 3 billion base pairs of DNA information in the nucleus
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What are sister chromatids?
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formed when DNA replicates during interphase and joined together by a centromere
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What are spindle fibres?
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tiny tube-like structures made of protein to which chromosomes attach during cell division
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What are spores?
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reproductive cells that grow into new individuals by mitosis
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What are stem cells?
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cells that have the potential to become many different types of cells; two types of stem cells are embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells
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What is vegetative reproduction?
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reproduction in which special cells, usually plant stems and plant roots, divide repeatedly to form structures that will eventually develop into a plant identical to the parent
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What are centrioles?
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organelles that organise spindle fibres in animal cells during mitosis
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