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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does WHMIS stand for?
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Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System
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What is matter?
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anything that has mass or volume
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What is mass?
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the amount of matter in a substance or an object; the more matter, the greater the mass; usually measured in kilograms (kg)
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What is volume?
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the amount of space taken up by a substance or object, usually measured in litres (L) or cubic centimeters (cm^3)
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What is a chemical change?
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A change in matter in which chemical bonds are formed and broken and which produces at least one new substance
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What is a physical change?
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a change in matter in which the appearance may change but no chemical bonds are broken or made and no new substance is formed
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What is a state?
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a property of a substance describing it as a solid, a liquid, or a gas
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What is chemistry?
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the study of matter, including facts and observations about matter, laws that summarize patterns of behaviour in matter, and theories that explain the patterns
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What are the 4 points of the particle model of matter?
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1. All matter is made up of very small particles
2. There are spaces between particles 3. The particles that make up matter are always moving 4. The particles are attracted to one another |
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What are the 4 main points of the kinetic molecular theory?
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1. All matter is made up of very small particles
2. There is empty space between particles 3. Particles are constantly moving. In liquids and gases, the particles are colliding with each other and the walls of their container. a) Particles of a solid are so tightly packed together that they cannot move around freely. They can only vibrate b) Particles of a liquid are farther apart, and they can move by sliding past each other c) Particles of a gas are very apart, and they move around quickly 4. Energy makes particles move. The more energy the particles have, the faster they can move and the farther apart they can get |
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What is melting?
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the change of state from a solid to liquid
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What is the melting point?
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the temperature at which a solid begins to liquefy
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What is boiling?
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the change of state from a liquid to a gas
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What is the boiling point?
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the temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas
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What is condensation?
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change of state from a gas to a liquid
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What is solidification?
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change of state from a liquid to a solid; commonly called freezing
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What is freezing?
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solidification; change of state from a liquid to a solid
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What is sublimation?
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change of state from a solid to a gas
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What is deposition?
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change of state from a gas to a solid
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What are physical properties?
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a characteristic of matter that you can observe or measure, such as state, colour, or density
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What are qualitative properties?
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properties that can be described but not measured
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What are quantitative properties?
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characteristics that can be measured numerically
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What is an element?
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a pure substance that cannot be broken down or separated into simpler substances
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What is a compound?
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a pure substance composed of at least two elements combined in a specific
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What are subatomic particles?
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particles such as protons, neutrons, and electrons that are smaller than atoms
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What is a proton?
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positively charged particle in the atomic nucleus
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What is a neutron?
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uncharged particle in the atomic nucleus
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What is an electron?
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negatively charged particles surrounding the atomic nucleus
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What is Dalton's theory?
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1. All matter is made of of small particles called atoms
2. Atoms cannot be created, destroyed, or divided into smaller particles 3. All atoms of the same element are identical in mass and size, but they are different in mass and size from the atoms of other elements 4. Compounds are created when atoms of different elements link together in definite proportions |
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What is J.J Thomson's model?
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He proposed the raisin bun model which shows a positively charged "bun" and electrons
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What did Ernest Rutherford discover?
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He discovered that there is a nucleus inside the atom and realized later on that there was a neutron and proton
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What is the Bohr model?
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It is the diagram of an atom that describes the arrangement of subatomic particles: neutrons and protons in the nucleus and electrons in electron shells
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What is the weight of a proton and neutron?
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around the same as each other, 1 AMU
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What is the rule to be an atom?
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Must be neutral, meaning that there must be an equal number of protons and neutrons
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What charge does the nucleus have?
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positive
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What volume do the electrons take up?
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99.99% of the space
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