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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why have your baby in a hospital?
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-Expert medical care
-we feel SAFE -high level of intensive intervention -traditional medicinal view: mom is "sick" patient, cure is delivery |
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Cesarean births- what and why?
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-major surgery
-emergency birth, problems during vaginal birth, high risk pregnancy |
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Midwives
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women
-focus more on mom and child as people, not patients (pregnancy is NOT an illness) -broader integration of family & friends into process -work to reduce technology of birth (NO DRUGS/FETAL MONITOR) -you have more control |
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Direct Entry Midwives
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-only trained in midwifery
-NOT NURSES -can't prescribe meds -not legal in every state (are legal in NY) -HOME BIRTH |
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Certified Professional Midwives (CPM)
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-credentialed by north american registry of midwives
-training in out-of-hospital births -not medically trained -don't have to be a nurse -has a connection to a hospital (NEED a cooperating MD) -not legal in every state, are legal in NY |
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Certified Nurse Midwife
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-must be an advanced practical nurse
-same training as CPM -legal in all states -STRONG connection to hospital/MD/birthing center (baby usually born in hospital or birthing center-calmer atmosphere) -no required training in home birth -only use medical equipment/drugs if needed |
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Infant mortality
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dying soon after birth (within 6 months-ish)
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2 Main reasons of infant mortality
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1. Birth defects (teratogens)
2. Complications from LBW **Both of those could be from having no prenatal care or poor nutrition ***Biggest difference between countries with higher infant mortality rates and other countries is universal healthcare |
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Maternal/parental leave policies
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-12 weeks unpaid leave
(can't be fired) -lots of companies DO give paid leave, but it isn't legally mandated that they do -full-time daycare at only 3 months- not the best idea. too early from kid's perspective |
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Sleep
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-newborns sleep 16-17 hours a day (not all at once)
**need to LEARN day-night sleep patterns *start moving to night sleep around 1 month, but still pretty even -real progress by 4 months ****LOTS of cultural and individual differences (co-sleeping/family beds more common worldwide but US has more $, space, and it's normative for baby to sleep alone) |
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REM Sleep
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-newborns spend about 50% of night in REM sleep (Adults- 20%)
-Why? Assuming babies dream in REM sleep, it's due to needed neuronal stimulation/development |
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Crying
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COMMUNICATION!
-produces reactions in adults-can't ignore it. -either run away or go fix it -different cries for different problems for each baby (hungry, uncomfortable, scared, in pain, bored, etc) |
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Newborn Reflexes
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-innate "adaptive" responses to environment
-NOT learned, learnable, avoidable -eye blink, rooting, sucking, moro, palmar grasp -tell us about newborn brain -diagnostic importance |
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Palmar Grasp, Rooting, and Moro
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PG- put in palm, they will hold on until their muscles fatigue
Rooting- stroke face, they will turn toward you and open mouth Moro- sensation of falling- flais arms and legs out and bring together to hold on to something |
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Is eating a reflex?
precursors? |
NOPE. Has to be learned. It's hard!
Rooting & sucking are precursors |
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What do reflexes tell us about baby's brain?
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brain isn't dev enough at birth, so there isn't much voluntary or controlled behavior
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Diagnostic importance of reflexes?
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-checked for at birth
-NEED TO BE THERE -if not, indicated problems -must also go away after brain has developed |
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Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
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-perfectly healthy babies suddenly stop breathing usually at night and die with no apparent cause
-risk is highest at 4-6 weeks of age ***INFANTS SLEEP ON THEIR BACKS. (SIDS rate has decreased) |
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Risk Categories for SIDS
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-LBW babies
-males (in general, more fragile) -twins & triplets (LBW) -if one twin dies, surviving one has higher risk -infants whose siblings have died of SIDS -sleep apnea (Babies should NOT snore!!! Less likely to wake up than adults with sleep ap) -infants in lower socioeconomic groups (bad prenatal care/nutrition) -secondhand smoke -soft bedding |
