Political Science Chapter 2

Front 1

limited government

Back 1

a government subject to strict limits on its lawful uses of power

Front 2

inalienable rights (natural rights)

Back 2

including life, liberty, and property, and can rebel against a ruler who tramples on those rights (ACCORDING TO JOHN LOCKE)

Front 3

Articles of the confederation

Back 3

-first form of government
-the states always had sovereignity, freedom, and independence
-could only ammended by unnanimous votes by the states

Front 4

shays's rebellion

Back 4

farmers rose up against the national government with pitch forks and rage
-this incidence called for a strong national gov't and army.

Front 5

virginia plan

Back 5

promoted by the larger states where representation would be based on population size.
(currently the house of represenatives)

Front 6

New Jersey Plan

Back 6

promoted by the smaller states where representation would be the same for all states with no regard to population
(currently the senate)

Front 7

the great compromise (the connecticut compromise)

Back 7

both of the plans would be put into action with two different houses of congress

Front 8

north south compromise (3/5th compromise)

Back 8

slaves would be counted as 3/5 of a person for population purposes.

Front 9

Anti-Federalists

Back 9

opposed the ratification of a new constitution that would make a stronger national government and weaken the states powers

Front 10

Federalists

Back 10

supported the ratification of a new constitution with a stronger national government

Front 11

constitution

Back 11

the fundamental law that defines how a government will legitimately operate
-the method for choosing its leaders, the institutions through which these leaders will work, and the procedures they must follow in exercising power

Front 12

grants of power

Back 12

the method of limiting the U.S. government by confining its scope of authority to those powers expressly granted in the constitution

Front 13

denial of powers

Back 13

to limit government, prohibiting certain practices

Front 14

separtion of powers

Back 14

to divide the authority of the government so that no single institution could exercise great power without the agreement og other institutions

Front 15

checks and balances

Back 15

one institution must have the approval of another institution to ensure that one branch would never have too much power.

Front 16

Bill of rights

Back 16

the first ten ammendments to the constitution which specify the rights of citizens that the national government must respect

Front 17

grants of power

Back 17

powers granted to the national government by the constitution. powers not granted to it are denied to it unless they are necessary and proper to carrying out of granted powers

Front 18

denail of powers

Back 18

powers expressly denied to the national and state governments by the constitution

Front 19

separated institutions sharing power

Back 19

the division of the natioal governments power among the three branches, each of which is to act as a check on the powers of the other two

Front 20

federalism

Back 20

the division of political authority between the national government and the states, enabling the people to appeal to one authority if their rights and interests are not respected by the other authority

Front 21

judicial review

Back 21

the power of the courts to declare governmental action null and void when it is found to violate the constitution

Front 22

elections

Back 22

the power of the voters to remove officials from office

Front 23

trustees

Back 23

represenatives that are obliged to promote the interest of those who elected them, but nature of thie interest is for the represenatives, not the voters, to decide

Front 24

electoral college

Back 24

elected officials who choose the presidential candidates

Front 25

delegates

Back 25

officeholders who are obligates to respond directly to the expressed opinions of the people they represent

Front 26

primary election

Back 26

a form of election in which voters choose a party's nominees for public office. in most states, eligibility to vote in primary elections is limited to voters who designated themselves as party members when they registered.

Front 27

constitutional democracy

Back 27

democratic in its provisions for majority influence through elections and constitutional in its requirement the power gained through the elections will be exercised in accordance with law and with due respect for individual rights