- (Plants) - Study Q's 6 - Green & Land Plants

Front 1

1. What are two ways to answer the question: what is a plant?

Back 1

characteristics, phylogenetic relationships

Front 2

2. What is the scientific name for the Green Plants?

Back 2

Chlorobionta

Front 3

4. What is the major component of the green plant cell wall?

Back 3

cellulose

Front 4

5. What is the chemical structure of this cell wall component? How does it differ from starch?

Back 4

polymere of glucose units: beta-1,4 glucopyranosides vs alpha 1,4-glucopyranosides

Front 5

6. What is a microfibril?

Back 5

made of cellulose, makes up cell wall

Front 6

7. Are the Green Algae a paraphyletic or monophyletic group?

Back 6

paraphyletic

Front 7

8. Are "Green Algae" multicellular or unicellular?

Back 7

unicellular

Front 8

9. What are the major differences between a haplontic, diplontic, and haplodiplontic life cycle?

Back 8

haploid (n), diploid (2n), haplodiplontic (2 stages n & 2n)

Front 9

10. What is oogamy and what was involved in its evolution?

Back 9

evolution of the egg, sperm evolved into a large non-motile gamete

Front 10

11. What is the scientific name for the Land Plants?

Back 10

Embryophyta

Front 11

12. Name an apomorphy of the Land Plants with respect to life cycle characteristics.

Back 11

Sporophyte/embryo

Front 12

3. What are the characteristics of the green plant chloroplast with respect to:

Back 12

a) chlorophyll types; A + B

b) storage product; starch

c)membrane structure; thylakoids stacked in grana

Front 13

14. What is the ploidy level (n or 2n) of:

Back 13

(n)= gametophyte, spore, archegonium/antheridium, egg/sperm

(2n)= sporangium sporophyte, zygote, embryo

Front 14

15. Where does most cell growth occur in the Land Plants?

Back 14

apical meristem

Front 15

16. What is parenchyma?

Back 15

generalized cell, type of ground tissue system, functions in metabolism and resumption of cell growth

Front 16

17. What is the name of the protective layer on the outside of the epidermis that helps prevent water loss?

Back 16

cuticle

Front 17

18. What is the name of the male gametangium of the Land Plants, what does it produce, and what is its function?

Back 17

antheridium: produces sperm, protects against water loss

Front 18

19. What is the name of the female gametangium of the Land Plants, what does it produce, and what is its function?

Back 18

archegonium: produces/stores eggs, protects against water loss

Front 19

20. Name the 3 major groups of "bryophytes" (basal land plants) in phylogenetic order.

Back 19

Liverworts, Hornworts, Mosses

Front 20

21. What are the two growth forms of the liverworts?

Back 20

Leafy & Thalloid

Front 21

22. What do some liverworts have that function in gas exchange?

Back 21

pores

Front 22

23. What are the asexual propagules of some liverworts called?

Back 22

gemma cups

Front 23

24. What apomorphy is possessed by all Land Plants, except for the liverworts?

Back 23

Stomates: (stomata) functions in gas exchange, guard cells open/close by turgor pressure

Front 24

25. What is the function of stomates?

Back 24

allow gas exchange (CO2 in, O2 out) and preven water loss

Front 25

26. What is the growth form of the gametophyte and sporophyte of Hornworts?

Back 25

cylindrical sporophyte

Front 26

27. What is the growth form of the mosses?

Back 26

Leafy

Front 27

28. What is the name of the filamentous, alga-like form of the moss gametophyte in its very early stage?

Back 27

leafy- Gametophyte/ long stem- Sporophyte

Front 28

29. What reproductive structures are formed at the tips of moss gametophytes?

Back 28

antheridium/archegonium (i think…)

Front 29

30. What is the name of the sporangium of a moss?

Back 29

capsule

Front 30

34. What does a sporangium produce and what process produces them?

Back 30

spores: haplodiplontic cycle; meiosis

Front 31

35. How do the gametophytes and sporophytes of "bryophytes" differ with respect to longevity and nutrition.

Back 31

Game- dominant, long-lived/ Spore- short-lived, nutritionally dependent on the gametophyte

Front 32

36. Name the genus and common name of the most economically important moss.

Back 32

Sphagnum, Peat Moss

Front 33

37. What is distinctive about Sphagnum moss that enables it to absorb and retain water so well?

Back 33

tiny pores that retain water

Front 34

39. What is peat?

Back 34

partially decomposed sphagnum

Front 35

40. What are the economic uses of peat?

Back 35

fuel, potting media-

Front 36

38. Sphagnum moss is a component of ___________ and acts to make the surroundings more ________.

Back 36

bogs

(the surround water more) acidic