Philosophy Ch 1,2 &3

Front 1

What is an argument

Back 1

is a set of statments one of which ( conclusion) is affirmed on the basis of the others (premises)

Front 2

Conclusion

Back 2

the point you are trying to make

Front 3

Premises

Back 3

supporting statment the reason for accepting the argument

Front 4

an argument is valid if

Back 4

it is impossible fo rhe conclusion to be false, assuming that the premises are all true

Front 5

Validity

Back 5

if all the premises of the argument are ture, than the conclusion must be true as well

Front 6

Knowledge

Back 6

Justified, tue blue

Front 7

Belief

Back 7

having a though about something , beleaving it to be true

Front 8

Three different Theories of knowledge

Back 8

1) Skepticism
2) Empiricism
3) Rationalism

Front 9

Skepticism

Back 9

view that there is no knowledge, there exists no adeqate justification that can show why our beliefs are true

Front 10

Two types of Skepticism

know the differance between them

Back 10

Golbal
.....no knowledge, no such thing as knowledge
Local
.....we cannot have knowledge aboue certain subjects

Front 11

3 types of knowledge

Back 11

1) propsitional
2) knowledge how
3) knowledge by acquanitance

Front 12

Empiricism

Back 12

The view that our belief can best justified in light of the evidence we receive from the senses

Front 13

3 people most associated with Empiricism

Back 13

1) John Locke-indirect realism
2)George Berkeley-idealism realsim
3)David Hume

Front 14

3 theories of preception

Back 14

1)Naive Realism
2)Indirect Realism
3)Idealism

Front 15

Naive Realism

Back 15

the world is exactly as it appears

Front 16

Indirect Realism

Back 16

the world is approximately the way it appears, but not entirely

Front 17

Idealism

Back 17

it abandons the idea that there is "real" material objects"behind" our preceptions

Front 18

2 properties of Indirect realism

Back 18

1) primary properties-mind independent
2) secondary properties-mind dependent

Front 19

Idealism-George Berkeley

Back 19

to be is to be precieved, everything is mental, if it isto be precieved than it is mentally done.

Front 20

Rationalism

Back 20

the view that our beliefs can be justified in light of pure reason
That is we can know something if it appears ture in light of reason

Front 21

Rene Descartes was a

Back 21

Rationlist

Front 22

Decartes arived at what statment

Back 22

Cogito Ergo Sum-" I think therefore I am"

Front 23

2 types of justification

Back 23

1) a priori justicification
2)a posteriori justification

Front 24

A Posteriori Justicification

Back 24

"latin for Latter" requires that we refer to a direct personal experiences of the world

Front 25

A Priori justicification

Back 25

justification that cane take place prior to consulting any empirical evidence

Front 26

2 types of truth

Back 26

1)Necessary truth
2)Contingent truth

Front 27

Necessary Truth

Back 27

something that is true and could never be false

Front 28

Contingent Truth

Back 28

something is contingently true if it is ture, but culd have bee other wise.
also.. could have been false

Front 29

Renee Descartes

Back 29

was looking for a way to discount sceptisim by looking at what could be doubted.. played a game.... it was a thought experment...did it by diductive reasoning

Front 30

Descartes's dream argument

Back 30

the point of the argument is not to show that one is dreaming or that life can be a dream. the poing of the argument is simply to show that our current preceptual beliefs(the beliefs that are based on what I see, feel and hear right now) are not indubitable or absolutely certain.

Front 31

Hard Determinism

Back 31

no free will it is all an illusion, the past completely in every wingle way determines the future, the future is caused by the past,including our own actions.

Front 32

Propsitional knowledge

Back 32

knowledge that....
example
I know that is my car......