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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What factors will influence the prescription of an Orthotics (8) |
Tone Strength Sensation Balance Patient size/measurements If its temporary or permanent ADL's
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What is the most important factor in Orthotics design
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Must adequently macho the patients needs and characteristics with the design and materials |
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8 steps in Orthotics fabrication
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2) Plastic strip inserted so you can cut afterwards 3) Use the wrap on the extremity with warm water so it hardens (negative mold) 4) Mix up plaster 5) Put plaster into negative so the mold will form to the leg 6) mold to the bony landmarks 7) Vacuum and seal *8 Fine tune adjustments till you get the positive |
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What is a negative mold
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Formed from the initial wrapping of the extremity. Will be filled with molding, acts like a shell. |
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What is a positive mold
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After the molding has been placed in the negative the molding forms to the shape of the leg
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What is patient fitting or fine tuning of Orthotics
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Can bring them a sample to try on made of clear plastic. This will show them where pressure is applied form the Orthotics. |
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What needs to be assessed in the final Orthotics check out
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Fit Function- does it assist in the desired function Patient education |
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What should be discussed during pt education with Orthotics (5)
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Donning and doffing Maintenance/storage/cleaning Warning signs of damage Schedule of when to wear it |
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Typical wearing schedule for Orthotics
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Day 1-2: 1 hour a day Days 3-4: 2 hours a day Day 5-10> 4 hours a day Days 11-14 Put on in the morning, checking at noon, then wearing till bed |
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What to make sure the patient is doing at home when using the Orthotics
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Need to be standing and walking in Orthotic in order to get the benefits |
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At home education with the Orthotics
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Care of the Orthotics |
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How long does redness last before it is considered a problem
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Tips for Orthotics care/maintenance
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All screws and materials must be present Wash it at night and let it air dry Don't put in dish washer |
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Indications for a Knee Orthosis (KO)
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Knee OA Case of CP with recurvatum (hyperextension) |
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What are the different types of KO
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Functional orthoses Prophylactic orthoses (used to prevent disease) |
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What are the suspension considerations of the KO
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The femur is larger than the tibia so it will slide down |
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What motions are controlled with KO's
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Flexion, extension, Varus, Valgus, Translations (A to P) |
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What type of joints are there in KO's
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Single and Polycentric |
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Why is Polycentric KO more effective
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It better mimics the arthrokinematics of the knee since the axis of rotation will shift anteriorly and posteriorly during the gait cycle |
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Indication of knee ankle foot orthoses
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Weakness of the knee Weakness of the hip All the above |
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Will KAFO be rigid, semi-rigid, or flexible
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Rigid |
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How can a KAFO prevent hyperextension of the knee
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Locks the foot into DF which creates flexion at the knee |
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How can a KAFO prevent flexion of the knee
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Locking the foot into PF will cause the knee to extend
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What materials are the KAFO's made out of
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Plastics and metals |
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What are the different types of knee joints in a KAFO
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Offset Variable position (dial lock and adjustable locking knee joint) |
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What are the types of locking mechanisms in KAFO's
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Drop lock Dial lock Adjustable locking knee joint |
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What is a pawl lock-bail release
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Spring loaded that allows the patient to unlock the knee by pulling up on the pawl on the back
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Why use an adjustable lock
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Allows for varying ROM. Could be used to prevent contactors |
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Why use an offset knee joint in KAFO
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Creates a knee extension lock
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What is the influence of alignment with KAFO
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We want the KAFO to provide alignment with the least amount of help as possible while maintaining functional abilities |
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What is the Craig-Scott KAFO
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(Example a T12 injury) |
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How to determine if the KAFO is a right or left orthoses
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Superior timeline comes up higher on the lateral side Straps will be on the lateral side |
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What is the HKAFO
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What is the design of a HKAFO
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Adds an extra hinge located at the hip joint |
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Indications of HKAFO
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Weakness in trunk and lower extremities Need to stabilize the body in upright position for function |
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What are some disadvantages/contraindications for prescribing a HKAFO
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Lack of necessary neck and UE strength/coordination Hip flexion contracture greater than 30 degrees |
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What are the types of hip joint componentry in HKAFO's
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Dual axis |
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What is the dual axis used for in HKAFO's
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Abduction/addiction |
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What are some indications for hip orthoses
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Adults: Fractures, or TKA Pediatric: birth defects |
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Which position of a hip orthoses will give the best congruency with the femur head and the acetabulum
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30 flexion 30 abduction Slight ER |
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Which orthoses would you use with a infant between birth and 6 months with developmental hip displays
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Pavlik harness |
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Which orthoses would you use with a infant between after 6 months with developmental hip displays |
Hip adduction orthoses |
