Organic And Inorganic Chemistry Chapters 2 And 3

Front 1

a chemical bond formed between ions with opposite charges and are held together by an electrical charge; the electrons are usually exchanges

Back 1

ionic bond

Front 2

a type of chemical bond formed when atoms share electrons

Back 2

covalent bond

Front 3

a charged atom that has lost or gained electrons giving them a positive or negative charge

Back 3

ion

Front 4

a compound that yields hydroxide ions when dissolved in water it is a solution with great concentration of OH ions

Back 4

base

Front 5

a compound that ionizes to release hydrogen ions in water and has a great concentration of H ions

Back 5

acid

Front 6

a standard measurement of the concentraion of hydrogen ions in a solution and determines acidity

Back 6

pH scale

Front 7

the smallest particle of an element that has properties of an element

Back 7

atom

Front 8

a substance that cannot be brtoken down by chemical processes into simialar substance and is composed if one type of atom

Back 8

element

Front 9

two or more elements chemically combined im definite proportions and the ration is always the same

Back 9

compound

Front 10

a substance composed if two or more componentseach of which retains its owmn properties nad can be separated by physical means

Back 10

mixture

Front 11

the smallest particle of a substance that has chemical properties and is composed of two or more atoms usually bonded covalently

Back 11

molecule

Front 12

a substance tha occupies space and has a mass

Back 12

matter

Front 13

one of several aoms of hte same element that has the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Back 13

isotope

Front 14

a change in which the makeup of a substance is changed and has a completly new substance and compound

Back 14

chemical chnge

Front 15

a change in which the physical property and appearance is changed

Back 15

physical change

Front 16

why is water such a good solvent

Back 16

what is a polar substance and has a slightly negative and positive charge so it attract ions and breaks up ionic bonds and also dissolves polar substances

Front 17

A comound is considered organic if it contains .....

Back 17

carbon

Front 18

what is the order in which the body get thier energy from and in clude the amount of calories/ gram is released in each group

Back 18

Carbs- 4.5 cal/ gram
lipids- 9 cal/ grams
proteins 4.5 cal/ gram

Front 19

list an example of a positive and negative ion and why it is positive or negative ion

Back 19

positive- sodium ion has more positive atoms and gave up electrons
negative- chlorine ion has more electrons then protons

Front 20

which side tend to lose or gain electroms

Back 20

left- lose
right - gain

Front 21

list four characteristice of the carbon atom

Back 21

1. it has 4 covalent bonds
2. it can combine itself many times
3. can form a bond with h, O, n
4. makesup biological compunds

Front 22

what are the monomers if carbohydrates/

Back 22

monosacharides
Ex. glucose

Front 23

what are polomers of carbohydrate

Back 23

peptotides starch cellulose smylose chitin

Front 24

wgat is a monomer od Lipids

Back 24

Fatty acids glycerol

Front 25

What is a polomer of lipids

Back 25

triglycerides

Front 26

What is a monomer of a protein

Back 26

amino acid

Front 27

What is a polomer of a protein

Back 27

polypeptide chains dipeptide

Front 28

are saturated fat liquid or solid at room temperature

Back 28

solid because of no Carbon double bonds

Front 29

are mono,poly, and unsaturated at liqiud or solid at room temperature

Back 29

liquid a c double bonds

Front 30

what is the use a carbs

Back 30

fuel building material receptors

Front 31

what is lipid s used for

Back 31

energy storage cushions for organs insulation

Front 32

what are proteins used fir

Back 32

structures enzymes antibodies transport movement

Front 33

hwat is an element defined as a pure substance because it is made only frome one kind of ...

Back 33

atom

Front 34

in an atom with the same nuber of electrons and protons the electrical charge is ...

Back 34

neutral

Front 35

Atoms bond with other atoms because...

Back 35

bonding helps atoms become more stable

Front 36

when a group of atoms is held together by covalent bonds...

Back 36

an ion is formed

Front 37

ionice bonds occur between

Back 37

two nonpolar molecule

Front 38

carbohydrates are associated with what

Back 38

disaccharide, polysaccahride steriod

Front 39

the smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means

Back 39

atom

Front 40

a substance made only of one kind of atom

Back 40

element

Front 41

a substance made when atoms of two or more different elements join together

Back 41

compound

Front 42

an attraction between subataces of the same kind

Back 42

cohesion

Front 43

a class of orgainic compounds made of carbon hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a 1:2: ration

Back 43

carbohydrates

Front 44

a measure of concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

Back 44

pH

Front 45

solid at room temp

Back 45

saturated fatty acid

Front 46

what is lipid s used for

Back 46

energy storage cushions for organs insulation

Front 47

what are proteins used fir

Back 47

structures enzymes antibodies transport movement

Front 48

hwat is an element defined as a pure substance because it is made only frome one kind of ...

Back 48

atom

Front 49

in an atom with the same nuber of electrons and protons the electrical charge is ...

Back 49

neutral

Front 50

Atoms bond with other atoms because...

Back 50

bonding helps atoms become more stable

Front 51

when a group of atoms is held together by covalent bonds...

Back 51

an ion is formed

Front 52

ionice bonds occur between

Back 52

two nonpolar molecule

Front 53

carbohydrates are associated with what

Back 53

disaccharide, polysaccahride steriod

Front 54

the smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means

Back 54

atom

Front 55

a substance made only of one kind of atom

Back 55

element

Front 56

a substance made when atoms of two or more different elements join together

Back 56

compound

Front 57

an attraction between subataces of the same kind

Back 57

cohesion

Front 58

a class of orgainic compounds made of carbon hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a 1:2: ration

Back 58

carbohydrates

Front 59

a measure of concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

Back 59

pH

Front 60

solid at room temp

Back 60

saturated fatty acid

Front 61

an atom with more elections than protons would have a

Back 61

positive charge

Front 62

The weak chemical attraciton between water molecules is a

Back 62

hydrogen bond

Front 63

the stronger chemical bond betweein the atoms of each water molecule is

Back 63

covalent bond

Front 64

An atom or molecule that has gained or lost aone or more electrons is called

Back 64

an ion

Front 65

on the pH scale vinegar is an

Back 65

scid

Front 66

ammonia is a

Back 66

base

Front 67

two carbohydrates that store energy are

Back 67

starch and glycogen

Front 68

the major class of carbon compounfd are nonpolar is

Back 68

lipids

Front 69

ex. lipids

Back 69

fats triglceridse waxes phopholipids

Front 70

a monosaccharide consist of what nad belongs in what group

Back 70

sugar base
phophate group

Front 71

when sodioum choloride is dissolved in water a chemical reaction occure in which sodioun cloride is the and sodioum ions and chloride ions are the reactant

Back 71

product

Front 72

a type of protein theat reduces the activation energy of a chemical reaction

Back 72

enzymes

Front 73

used a energy first

Back 73

carbs

Front 74

are organic molecules

Back 74

all

Front 75

contain C,O,N, and H,

Back 75

proteins

Front 76

contain C, O, H

Back 76

Carb and lipids

Front 77

dehydration synthesis

Back 77

all

Front 78

4.5 cal/gram

Back 78

carbs/ proteins

Front 79

used as energy second

Back 79

lipids

Front 80

monomers and monosaccharides

Back 80

carbs

Front 81

used as energy third

Back 81

proteins

Front 82

saturated

Back 82

lipids

Front 83

monomer are amino acids

Back 83

proteins

Front 84

molecules that have the samenumber of atoms and same kind of atoms a different arrangement of the atoms

Back 84

iosomers

Front 85

example of isomers

Back 85

glucose fructose galactose

Front 86

ex. carbs

Back 86

sugar starches cellulose and related substances

Front 87

nonpolar substance no dissoleve in water

Back 87

lipids

Front 88

make up silk hair tendons
act as hormones

Back 88

proteins

Front 89

one sugar two sugar many sugar

Back 89

1- monosaccharide
2-Disaccharides
3-polysaccharides

Front 90

long chains of mnosaccharide joined together

Back 90

poly saccahride

Front 91

made up of amylose

Back 91

starch

Front 92

.a process by which the bonc between monomers are broken by hte enzyme add water

Back 92

hydolysis

Front 93

a process in which water is remover

Back 93

dehydrartion synthereses

Front 94

composed i 3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol

Back 94

triglcerides