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112 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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_____ describes healing that occurs in a surgical wound that has been closed with sterile sutures.
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Healing by first intention
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What is considered a successful inflammatory response?
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- Repairing damaged tissue with connective tissue
- Saving the tissues ability to function |
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How does healing differ from simple repair?
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Healing regenerates parenchymal tissue, where simple repair by connective tissue doesn't.
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Describes the process of healing a wound without the benefit of surgical closure. The wound is allowed to _____, or it closes by contraction and filling with connective tissue.
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Healing by second intention
Granulate in |
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_____ describes healing that occurs in a surgical wound that has been closed with sterile sutures.
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Healing by first intention
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The slow filling of a wound cavity or ulcer by granulations, with subsequent cicatrization (scar formation)
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Healing by third untention
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What are the major differneces between healing by first and second intentions?
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Second intention is larger wound that take longer to heal and has more granulation tissue.
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What is considered a successful inflammatory response?
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- Repairing damaged tissue with connective tissue
- Saving the tissues ability to function |
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What does the tensile strength of wound healing depend on?
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Collagen fibers
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_____ have been shown to have the greatest effect on granulation tissue.
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Glucocorticoids
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True/False:
Teratogenesis is dose dependent |
True
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How does healing differ from simple repair?
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Healing regenerates parenchymal tissue, where simple repair by connective tissue doesn't.
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|
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What are the physical agents involved in teratogenesis?
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Radiation
Hypoxia Excessive carbon dioxide Mechanical trauma |
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|
_____ describes healing that occurs in a surgical wound that has been closed with sterile sutures.
|
Healing by first intention
|
|
|
Describes the process of healing a wound without the benefit of surgical closure. The wound is allowed to _____, or it closes by contraction and filling with connective tissue.
|
Healing by second intention
Granulate in |
|
|
The slow filling of a wound cavity or ulcer by granulations, with subsequent cicatrization (scar formation)
|
Healing by third untention
|
|
|
What is considered a successful inflammatory response?
|
- Repairing damaged tissue with connective tissue
- Saving the tissues ability to function |
|
|
How does healing differ from simple repair?
|
Healing regenerates parenchymal tissue, where simple repair by connective tissue doesn't.
|
|
|
_____ describes healing that occurs in a surgical wound that has been closed with sterile sutures.
|
Healing by first intention
|
|
|
Describes the process of healing a wound without the benefit of surgical closure. The wound is allowed to _____, or it closes by contraction and filling with connective tissue.
|
Healing by second intention
Granulate in |
|
|
The slow filling of a wound cavity or ulcer by granulations, with subsequent cicatrization (scar formation)
|
Healing by third untention
|
|
|
What is considered a successful inflammatory response?
|
- Repairing damaged tissue with connective tissue
- Saving the tissues ability to function |
|
|
What are the major differneces between healing by first and second intentions?
|
Second intention is larger wound that take longer to heal and has more granulation tissue.
|
|
|
How does healing differ from simple repair?
|
Healing regenerates parenchymal tissue, where simple repair by connective tissue doesn't.
|
|
|
What does the tensile strength of wound healing depend on?
|
Collagen fibers
|
|
|
What are the major differneces between healing by first and second intentions?
|
Second intention is larger wound that take longer to heal and has more granulation tissue.
|
|
|
What does the tensile strength of wound healing depend on?
|
Collagen fibers
|
|
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_____ have been shown to have the greatest effect on granulation tissue.
|
Glucocorticoids
|
|
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_____ have been shown to have the greatest effect on granulation tissue.
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Glucocorticoids
|
|
|
True/False:
Teratogenesis is dose dependent |
True
|
|
|
Describes the process of healing a wound without the benefit of surgical closure. The wound is allowed to _____, or it closes by contraction and filling with connective tissue.
|
Healing by second intention
Granulate in |
|
|
True/False:
Teratogenesis is dose dependent |
True
|
|
|
What are the physical agents involved in teratogenesis?
|
Radiation
Hypoxia Excessive carbon dioxide Mechanical trauma |
|
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The slow filling of a wound cavity or ulcer by granulations, with subsequent cicatrization (scar formation)
|
Healing by third untention
|
|
|
What are the physical agents involved in teratogenesis?
|
Radiation
Hypoxia Excessive carbon dioxide Mechanical trauma |
|
|
What are the major differneces between healing by first and second intentions?
|
Second intention is larger wound that take longer to heal and has more granulation tissue.
|
|
|
_____ describes healing that occurs in a surgical wound that has been closed with sterile sutures.
|
Healing by first intention
|
|
|
What does the tensile strength of wound healing depend on?
|
Collagen fibers
|
|
|
_____ have been shown to have the greatest effect on granulation tissue.
|
Glucocorticoids
|
|
|
What is considered a successful inflammatory response?
|
- Repairing damaged tissue with connective tissue
- Saving the tissues ability to function |
|
|
True/False:
Teratogenesis is dose dependent |
True
|
|
|
What are the physical agents involved in teratogenesis?
|
Radiation
Hypoxia Excessive carbon dioxide Mechanical trauma |
|
|
How does healing differ from simple repair?
|
Healing regenerates parenchymal tissue, where simple repair by connective tissue doesn't.
|
|
|
Describes the process of healing a wound without the benefit of surgical closure. The wound is allowed to _____, or it closes by contraction and filling with connective tissue.
|
Healing by second intention
Granulate in |
|
|
The slow filling of a wound cavity or ulcer by granulations, with subsequent cicatrization (scar formation)
|
Healing by third untention
|
|
|
What are the major differneces between healing by first and second intentions?
|
Second intention is larger wound that take longer to heal and has more granulation tissue.
|
|
|
What does the tensile strength of wound healing depend on?
|
Collagen fibers
|
|
|
_____ have been shown to have the greatest effect on granulation tissue.
|
Glucocorticoids
|
|
|
True/False:
Teratogenesis is dose dependent |
True
|
|
|
What are the physical agents involved in teratogenesis?
|
Radiation
Hypoxia Excessive carbon dioxide Mechanical trauma |
|
|
_____ describes healing that occurs in a surgical wound that has been closed with sterile sutures.
|
Healing by first intention
|
|
|
What is considered a successful inflammatory response?
|
- Repairing damaged tissue with connective tissue
- Saving the tissues ability to function |
|
|
How does healing differ from simple repair?
|
Healing regenerates parenchymal tissue, where simple repair by connective tissue doesn't.
|
|
|
Describes the process of healing a wound without the benefit of surgical closure. The wound is allowed to _____, or it closes by contraction and filling with connective tissue.
|
Healing by second intention
Granulate in |
|
|
The slow filling of a wound cavity or ulcer by granulations, with subsequent cicatrization (scar formation)
|
Healing by third untention
|
|
|
What are the major differneces between healing by first and second intentions?
|
Second intention is larger wound that take longer to heal and has more granulation tissue.
|
|
|
What does the tensile strength of wound healing depend on?
|
Collagen fibers
|
|
|
_____ have been shown to have the greatest effect on granulation tissue.
|
Glucocorticoids
|
|
|
True/False:
Teratogenesis is dose dependent |
True
|
|
|
What are the physical agents involved in teratogenesis?
|
Radiation
Hypoxia Excessive carbon dioxide Mechanical trauma |
|
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What are the maternal infections for teratogenic agents?
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TORCH Complex
Toxoplasmosis Other agents Rubella Cytomegalovirus Herpes Simplex |
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What hormones can be considered teratogenic agents?
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Sex hormones and corticosteroids
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What vitamin deficiencies can be considered teratogenic?
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Riboflavin
Niacin Folic Acid VitaminE |
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What antibiotics can be considered teratogens?
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Mitomycin
Dactinomycin Puromycin |
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_____ describes healing that occurs in a surgical wound that has been closed with sterile sutures.
|
Healing by first intention
|
|
|
What is considered a successful inflammatory response?
|
- Repairing damaged tissue with connective tissue
- Saving the tissues ability to function |
|
|
How does healing differ from simple repair?
|
Healing regenerates parenchymal tissue, where simple repair by connective tissue doesn't.
|
|
|
Describes the process of healing a wound without the benefit of surgical closure. The wound is allowed to _____, or it closes by contraction and filling with connective tissue.
|
Healing by second intention
Granulate in |
|
|
The slow filling of a wound cavity or ulcer by granulations, with subsequent cicatrization (scar formation)
|
Healing by third untention
|
|
|
What are the major differneces between healing by first and second intentions?
|
Second intention is larger wound that take longer to heal and has more granulation tissue.
|
|
|
What does the tensile strength of wound healing depend on?
|
Collagen fibers
|
|
|
_____ have been shown to have the greatest effect on granulation tissue.
|
Glucocorticoids
|
|
|
True/False:
Teratogenesis is dose dependent |
True
|
|
|
What are the physical agents involved in teratogenesis?
|
Radiation
Hypoxia Excessive carbon dioxide Mechanical trauma |
|
|
What are the maternal infections for teratogenic agents?
|
TORCH Complex
Toxoplasmosis Other agents Rubella Cytomegalovirus Herpes Simplex |
|
|
What hormones can be considered teratogenic agents?
|
Sex hormones and corticosteroids
|
|
|
What vitamin deficiencies can be considered teratogenic?
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Riboflavin
Niacin Folic Acid VitaminE |
|
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What antibiotics can be considered teratogens?
|
Mitomycin
Dactinomycin Puromycin |
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What are the conditions which warrant Teratogenesis?
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First: teratogen in contact with fetus
Second: Teratogen must be in contact at the proper time of development for the organ being formed |
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What is the critical phase in which teratogens are most potent during pregnancy?
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1st trimester first three months
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Important aspect of teratogenesis which is an important aspect that shows different effects at different stages of embryonic fetal development.
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Time of Exposure
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Severe illness caused by overwhelming infection of the bloodstream by toxin-producing bacteria.
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Sepsis
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What causes sepsis?
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Bacterial infection which can originate anywhere in the body
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Where are the common sites of sepsis in the body?
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Kidneys (upper UTI)
Liver or gall bladder Bowel (Seen with periodontitis) Skin (cellulitis) Lungs (bacterial pneumonia) |
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What can accompany sepsis?
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Meningitis
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In children what accompanies sepsis?
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Infection of the bone (osteomyelitis)
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What are some common sites of infection in hospitals?
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IV lines, surgical wounds, surgical drains, and sites of skin breakdown as decubitus ulcers or bedsores.
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What is the life threatening disease that follows sepsis?
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Septic Shock
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What are the main bacteria that are responsible for Sepsis?
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Staph Aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella
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In addition to the bacterial families that cause sepsis what other bacterial elements can do it?
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LPS endotoxin released from walls of gram-negative bacteria
Complement-activated anaphylactic shock. |
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Refers to the presence of viable bacteria in the circulating blood. can occur even in healthy individuals. Clinical signs and symptoms are not usually present.
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Bacteremia
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Defined as a viral infection of the bloodstream. A major feature of disseminated infections. The infecting virus is very susceptible to circulating antibodies.
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Viremia
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What organ can undergo regeneration?
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Liver
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Why is the liver the most uncommon site for infarcts?
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70% removal stimulates mitoses of hepatocytes peaking at 33 hours. Fully restored after 12 days.
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What organs in the body has the latent capacity for mitotic division?
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Liver, bone marrow, blood (RBC and WBC), skin, salivary glands, cartilage, intestinal mucosa
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What tissues of the body specifically do not regenerate?
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Striated muscle, smooth muscle, neurons of the CNS
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The heart, brain and lungs are very vulnerable to what?
Which of these undergoes hypertrophy in response to injury? |
Hypoxia and Anoxia
Heart |
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Diffuse system composed of monocytes and macrophages located in _____ connective tissue. These cells are responsible for engulfing and removing cellular debris, old cells, pathogens, and foreign substances from the blood stream
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Reticuloendothelial System
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What is the role of the Reticuloendothelial system?
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Functional rather than anatomicaland primarily involved in defense against infection and disposal of products of cellular breakdown.
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What types of cells encompass the whole of the reticuloendothelial system?
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All phagocytes except granulocytes including cells seen in the bone marrow, spleen, and liver.
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What are macrophages of the CNS?
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Microglia
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What are phagocytic cells that line the blood vessels of the liver
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Kupffer cells
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Macrophages fixed in the alveolar lining of the lungs
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Alveolar Macrophages
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Fixed macrophages in connective tissue
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Histocytes
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What are the inherited disorders of the reticuloendothelial system?
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Gaucher's deisease
Niemann-Pick disease Tay-Sachs disease Fabry's disease |
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Most common inherited disorder of the reticuloendothelial system caused by a deficiency of beta-gluccerebrosidase
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Gaucher's disease
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Inherited disorder of the reticuloendothelial system caused by a deficiency of sphingomtelinase
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Niemann-Pick disease
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Inherited disorder of the reticuloendothelial system caused by a deficiency of hexosaminidase A
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Tay-Sachs disease
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Inherited disorder of the reticuloendothelial system caused by a deficiency in alpha galactosidase
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Fabry's disease
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The inherited disorders of the reticuloendothelial system are most common in what ancestry?
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Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry
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What causes an inherited disorder of the reticuloendothelial system?
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Incomplete lysosomal breakdown of phingolipids and mucopolysaccharides within phagocytes, leading to an accumulation
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How are inherited disorders of the reticuloendothelial system expressed?
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All autosomal recessive except Fabry's which is X-linked recessive
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