Nasm Ch 5-8

Front 1

Length-Tension Relationship

Back 1

Resting length of a muscle and the tension the muscle can produce at this resting length.

Front 2

Force velocity curve

Back 2

relationship of muscle’s ability to produce tension at differing shortening velocities. As velocity of concentric muscle action increases, its ability to produce force decreases.

Front 3

Force couple

Back 3

Muscle groups moving together to produce movement around a joint.

Front 4

Rotary Motion

Back 4

Movement of bones around the joints.

Front 5

Fitness Assessment- Subjective

Back 5

General and medical history
occupation, lifestyle, medical and personal info

Front 6

Fitness Assessment Objective

Back 6

Physiological
Body composition
Cardiorespiratory assessments
Static and dynamic postural assessments
Performance assessments

Front 7

Straight Percent Method

Back 7

Straight Percentage Method – Subtracting age from 220 = MAX HR. Multiply HRmax by appropriate intensity(65 to 95%).
Zone one – HRmax X .65 to .75
Zone two – HRmax X .76 to .85
Zone three – HRmax X .86 to .95

Front 8

Relative Flexibility

Back 8

The tendency of the body to seek the path of least resistance during functional movement patterns

Front 9

Muscle imbalances

Back 9

Alteration of muscle length surrounding a joint

Front 10

Reciprocal Inhibition

Back 10

simultaneous relaxation of one muscle and the contraction of its antagonist to allow movement to take place

Front 11

Altered reciprocal inhibition

Back 11

Concept of muscle inhibition, caused by tight agonist, which inhibits its functional antagonist. Example tight psoas(hip flexor) would decrease neural drive of the gluteus maximus (hip extensor). Altered reciprocal inhibition alters force-couple relationships, produces synergistic dominance, and leads to the development of faulty movement patterns, poor neuromuscular control, and arthrokinetic (joint) dysfunction.

Front 12

Synergistic Dominance

Back 12

Neuromuscular phenomenon that occurs when inappropriate muscles take over the function of a weak or inhibited prime mover. Example if psoas(hip flexor) is tight, leads to reciprocal inhibition of gluteus maximus, which in turn results in increased force output of synergists for hip extension (hamstring complex, adductor magnus) to compensate for weakened glutes. The result of synergistic dominance is faulty movement patterns, leading to arthrokinetic dysfunction and eventual injury(such as hamstring strains).

Front 13

Arthrokinematic dysfunction

Back 13

Altered forces at the joint that result in abnormal muscular activity and impaired neuromuscular communication at the joint. Altered joint motion can be caused by altered length-tension relationships and force-couple relationships, which affect joint and cause poor movement efficiency.

Front 14

Autogenic Inhibition

Back 14

Process by which neural impulses that sense tension are greater than the impulses that cause muscles to contract, providing an inhibitory effect to the muscle spindles.

Front 15

Integrated Cardiorespiratory Training

Back 15

Cardiorespiratory training programs that systematically progress clients through various stages to achieve optimal levels of physiological, physical, and performance adaptations by placing stress on the cardiorespiratory system.