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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole are combined because they
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inhibit steps in purine synthesis
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Ethambutol, isoniazid, and quinolones are all
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synthetic microbials
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clavulanic acid
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noncompetive inhibitor of penicillinase that is often combined with penicillin
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mesophilic bacteria
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spoilage by leaking
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Byssochlamys, Aspergillus, Bacillus coagulans
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Acid tolerant and heat resistant that spoil acidic foods
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C. botulinum type E, Yersinia enterocolitica, Listeria monocytogenes
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pathogens that grow at low temperatures
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Sodium benzoate, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, calcium propionate
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added to food to inhibit molds
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Sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite
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added to meats to preserve color and prevent germination of C. botulinum endospores
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nisin, natamycin
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antibiotics that preserve dairy products
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Gastroenteritits, typhoid fever, dysentery
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food born infections--they grow in host
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botulism, staphylococcal food poisioning, mycotoxicosis
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microbial intoxications
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cultured milk
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lactic acid bacteria
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pasteurized dairy milk
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gram negative psychrotrophs
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acetobacter and gluconobacter
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oxidize ethanol in wine to acetic acid (vinegar)
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primary metabolites such as ethanol
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formed in bioreators during trophophase
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secondary metabolites penicillin
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formed produced during stationary phase idiophase
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Aspergillus niger
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produces citric acid
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Lactobacilli
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normal microbiota in the vagina during reproductive years
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opportunistic gram negative bactera
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cause urinary tract infections
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Nongonococcal urethritis (NGU)
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any inflammation of urethra not caused by N.gonorrhoeae
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Paul Ehrlich
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first chemo drug salvarsan treated syphillus
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Rene Dubos
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isolated antibiotic gramicidin from soil
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Waksman
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isolated streptomycin producing Streptomyces
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bacteriostatic
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inhibition of growth
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chloramphenicol,erythromycin,tetracyclines, streptomycin
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inhibit protein synthesis by acting on 70s ribosome
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polymyxin B
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cause injury to plasma membrain
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rifampin and quinolones
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inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
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isoniazid
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inhibits mycolic acid synthesis in mycobacteria. throw in rifampin and ethambutol to treat tuberculosis
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sulfonamides
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competitively inhibit folic acid synthesis. bacteriostatic. treat urinary tract infections
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monobactam aztreonam
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antibacterial antibiotic that effects only gram negative bacteria
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tetracyclines
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antibiotic- inhibit protein synthesis, bacteriostatic against rickettsias and chlamydias
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cephalosporins
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antibiotic used against penicillin resistant strains
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aminoglycosides
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include streptomycin, neomycin, spectinomycin, and gentamicin---bacterialcidal---anitbiotic!
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Macrolides-erythromycin
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antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis, bacteriostatic, treat legionellosis and Neisseria infections
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