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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Direct Damage
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1. Cell lysis
-Lytic Viruses *Rhinovirus -Intracellular Bacteria *Chlamydiae 2. Tissue destruction *Shigella destroys intestine 3. Use of host nutrients * |
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Lytic Cycle
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*Phage particle injects DNA into bacteria
*Phage replicates *Phages assemble *Lyse bacteria |
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Siderophores
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pathogen secreted proteins remove Fe from host
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Indirect Damage
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1. Enzymes
2. Toxins |
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Hyaluronidase
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hydrolysis of host glycocalyx damages connective tissue
Clostridium perfringens |
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Collagenase
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hydolysis of collagen weakens connective tissue promoting micro spread
clostridium |
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Toxigenicity
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capacity of microbes to produce a toxin
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Toxemia
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presence of toxins in blood
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A-B Toxin Mechanism
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1. microbe secretes A-B toxin
2. B binds to CH2O receptor on host = endocytosis 3. A-B separates 4. A inhibits protein synthesis kills cell |
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Neurotoxins
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Clostridium tetani: inability to exhale
Clostridium botulinum: inability to inhale |
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Enterotoxin
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Vibrio cholerae: rapid dehydration
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Cytotoxin
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C. diphtheriae: necrotic tissue blocking glottal opening or heart failure
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Membrane-Disrupting Toxins
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1. Protein channel formation
-S. aureus 2. Disruption of phospholipids -clostridium perfringens |
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Super Antigens
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nonspecific release of cytokins by T cells:
death due to shock |
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Endotoxins
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Lipid A of gram - wall increasing IL-1 and TNF
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Immunopathy
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pathogen stimulates other immune responses that cause damage
-extreme bronchiole imflammation |
