Medical Terms Related To S/s/c Of Pulmonary Disease

Front 1

Dyspnea

Back 1

difficult breathing (strenuous ventilation); patients report greater respiratory effort at a given level of physical activity.

Front 2

Eupnea

Back 2

normal breathing (normal ventilation)

Front 3

Apnea

Back 3

absence of breathing, ie., during sleep apnea

Front 4

Hyperpnea

Back 4

increase in breathing (ventilation) in response to increased metabolism (ie., during exercise)

Front 5

Cough

Back 5

protective reflex response, initiated by stimulation of irritant receptors in airways, mechanical stimulation of diaphragm or intercostals, or stimulation of CNS cough centers, that attempts to clear respiratory passages by an abrupt and forceful expulsion of air.

Front 6

Productive Cough

Back 6

fluid that has accumulated (sputum) moves to pharynx where it is cleared by swallowing or expectoration.

Front 7

Cough Producing Purulent sputum

Back 7

indicates infection

Front 8

Persistent Dry Cough

Back 8

indicates tumor, congestion or hypersensitive airways.

Front 9

Hemoptysis

Back 9

production of bloody sputum

Front 10

Cyanosis

Back 10

condition characterized by bluish discoloration of skin and/or mucous membranes caused by increased amounts of unoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood

Front 11

Clubbing

Back 11

bulbous enlargement of the distal end of a finger or toe due to diseases that interfere with oxygenation of tissues

Front 12

Hypoxemia

Back 12

Reduced oxygenation of arterial blood (DECREASE PO2)

Front 13

Ischemia

Back 13

Inadequate oxygen supply to tissues due to blockage or impairment of blood circulation
Ex: stroke = brain ischemia

Front 14

Hypoxia

Back 14

A lower than normal oxygen content of tissues

More general term than hypoxemia and Can occur due to non-pulmonary reasons such as:
-Reduced cardiac output
-CN poisoning

Front 15

Pulmonary Edema

Back 15

excess fluid in the lung tissues caused by :
1) heart disease

2) capillary injury that increases capillary permeability

3) obstruction of lymphatic system

Front 16

Atelectasis

Back 16

Collapse of lung tissue, either the entire lung or a group of alveoli

Front 17

Aspiration

Back 17

passage of fluid and/or solid particles into the lung; occurs when normal swallowing mechanism and cough reflex are impaired by CNS abnormality or decreased level of consciousness

Front 18

Bronchiolitis

Back 18

inflammatory obstruction of the small airways or bronchioles, caused by infection, chronic bronchitis or inhalation of toxic gases

Front 19

Pulmonary Fibrosis

Back 19

excessive amount of fibrous or connective tissue in the lung resulting in loss of lung compliance; caused by infections, physical or chemical damage to lung tissue, inhalation disorders

Front 20

Pneumothorax

Back 20

presence of air in the pleural space caused by a rupture of parietal or visceral pleura → often leads to atelectasis

Front 21

Pleural Effusion

Back 21

presence of fluid in pleural space

Front 22

Empyema

Back 22

Presence of pus in the pleural space (infected pleural effusion)

Front 23

Pleurisy

Back 23

inflammation of the pleura

Front 24

Pneumoconiosis

Back 24

changes in the lung caused by prolonged inhalation of inorganic dust particles such as silica, coal, asbestos, fiberglass,

may cause pulmonary fibrosis, chronic bronchitis or tumor formation.

Front 25

Allergic Alveolitis

Back 25

allergic inflammatory response of the lungs to repeated inhalation of organic dust particles such as wood dust, molds, cork dust, grains, rat feces.

Prolonged exposure may lead to pulmonary fibrosis.