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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the lungs function in vocalization?
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inhaled/exhaled air is shaped by the vocal folds
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How do the lungs affect the blood?
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filters air, clot, pathogens in capillary beds
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What are the metabolic functions of the lung?
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converts angiotensin and glutamine metabolism
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What is normal PaO2?
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90 +/- 10 mm Hg
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What is normal PaCO2?
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40 +/- 5 mm Hg
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What is normal pH?
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7.4 +/- .5
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What is shunt?
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blood bypasses the pulmonary capillaries and enters systemic circulation
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What are the causes of hypoxia?
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reduced inspired O2, ventilation/perfusion mismatch, shunt, diffusion defect, reduced CO
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What is the most common cause of hypoxia?
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ventilation/perfusion mismatch
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What is the average idealized overall V/Q of the lung at rest?
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5L air / 6L of blood
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What happens in dead space?
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there is air flow, but no blood flow
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How much dead space do you have in your body?
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1ml/ lb of ideal body weight
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What happens to blood in a lung with V/Q mismatch?
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blood leaving is not completely oxygenated, has a higher PCO2
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What is the V/Q in shunt?
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0
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What is the V/Q in dead space?
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infinite
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What happens with dead space and gas pressures?
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PaCO2 rises, PaO2 falls
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How do you calculate alveolar ventilation?
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minute ventilation - dead space ventilation
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What determines lung volume?
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vital capacity and residual volume
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How do you measure lung volumes?
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resident gas method, helium dilution, body plethysmography
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What reduces lung volumes?
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interstitial lung disease, CHF, obesity, thoracic cage abnormalities, long standing ventilatory muscle weakness
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What does low FEV1/FVC mean?
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obstructive disease
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What does low total lung capacity but normal FEV1/FVC mean?
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restrictive lung disease
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What does measuring the diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide do?
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measures lung function
tells how much Hg is in contact with inhaled gas |
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How do you measure single breath diffusing capacity?
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subject inhales oxygen, helium, CO then holding breath for 10s before exhaling past dector
detector measures the uptake of CO |
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What does diffusing capacity measure?
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alveolar capillary Hg
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What increases diffusing capacity?
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early CHF, asthma, high Hct, pulmonary hemorrhage
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What decreases diffusing capacity?
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anemia, emphysema, vasculitis, interstitial lung disease
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For what do you have to correct diffusing capacity?
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hemoglobin levels
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