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252 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gel-like substance that surrounds the nucleus of a cell.
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cytoplasm
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Molecule that holds genetic information and makes an exact copy of itself whenever the cell divides
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DNA
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formation, growth
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plasm
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cell
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cyt
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through, across
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dia
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knowing
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gnosis
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identification of a disease or condition by scientific evaluation of physical signs, symptoms, history, laboratory and clinical test results and radiographic procedures
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diagnosis
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cause
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eti
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study of
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logy
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study of the causes of disease
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etiology
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luminous, fluorescent
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fluor
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instrument for examining
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scope
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instrument, consisting of an x-ray machine and a fluorescent screen, used to view the internal organs of the body
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fluoroscope
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unknown, peculiar
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idi
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disease
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path
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pertaining to, relatiing to
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ic
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pertaining to conditions without clear pathogenesis, or disease without recognizable cause, as of spontaneous origin
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idiopathic
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chemical changes that take place in a cell or an organism and produce energy and basic materials needed for all life processes
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metabolism
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prediction of the course and end of a disease and the estimated chance of recovery
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prognosis
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before, in front of
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pro
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any objective evidence or manifestation of an illness or a disordered function of the body
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sign
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any change in the body or its functions as perceived by the patient
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symptoms
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covers surfaces of organs; lines cavities and canals; forms tubes, ducts, and secreting portions of glands; and makes up the epidermis of the skin
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epithelial tissue
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supports and connects other tissues and organs and is made up of diverse cell types, including fibroblasts, fat cells, and blood
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connective tissue
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provides the contractile tissue of the body, which is responsible for movement
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muscle tissue
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transmits electrical impulses
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nervous tissue
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right and left halves
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midsagittal (median)
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anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal) aspects
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coronal (frontal)
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superior (upper) and inferior(lower) aspects
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transverse (horizontal)
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dorsal cavity
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cranial and spinal
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cranial
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brain
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spinal
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spinal cord
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ventral cavity
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thoracic and abdominopelvic
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heart, lungs, and associated structures
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thoracic
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digestive, excretory, and reproductive organs and structures
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abdominopelvic
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right lobe of liver, gallbladder, part of pancreas, part of the small and large intestines
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right upper
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left lobe of liver, stomach, spleen, part of pancreas, part of small and large intestines
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left upper
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part of the small and large intestines, appendix, right ovary, right fallopian tube, right ureter
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right lower
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part of small and large intestines, left ovary, left fallopian tube, left ureter
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left lower
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upper left region beneath the ribs
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left hypochondriac
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region above the stomach
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epigastric
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upper right region beneath the ribs
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right hypochondriac
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left middle lateral region
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left lumbar
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region of the naval
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umbilical
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right middle lateral region
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right lumbar
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left lower lateral region
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left inguinal (iliac)
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lower middle region beneath the naval
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hypogastric
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right lower lateral region
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right inguinal (iliac)
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movement away from the median plane of the body or one of its parts
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abduction
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movement toward the median plane of the body
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adduction
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pertaining to the midline of the body or structure
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medial
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pertaining to a side
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lateral
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toward the head or upper portion of a structure
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superior (cephalad)
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away from the head, or toward the tail or lower part of a structure
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inferior (caudal)
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nearer to the center (trunk of the body) or to the point of attachment to the body
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proximal
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further from the center (trunk of the body) or from the point of attachment to the body
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distal
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near the front of the body
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anterior (ventral)
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near the back of the body
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posterior (dorsal)
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pertaining to the outer wall of the body cavity
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parietal
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pertaining to the viscera, or internal organs, especially the abdominal organs
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visceral
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lying horizontal with the face downward, or indicating the hand with palms turned downward
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prone
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lying on the back with the face upward, or indicating the position of the hand or foot with the palm or foot facing upward
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supine
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turning inward or inside out
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inversion
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turning outward
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eversion
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pertaining to the palm of the hand
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palmar
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pertaining to the sole of the foot
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plantar
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toward the surface of the body
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superficial
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away from the surface of the body (internal)
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deep
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tissue
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hist
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nucleus
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nucle or kary
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tail
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caud
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anterior, front
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anter
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cranium
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crani
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far, farthest
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dist
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back (of body)
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dors
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lower, below
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infer
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side
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later
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middle
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medi
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back (of body), behind, posterior
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poster
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near, nearest
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proxim
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belly, belly side
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ventr
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abdomen
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abdomin
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neck; cervix uteri (neck of uterus)
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cervic
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cranium
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crani
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stomach
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gastr
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ilium (lateral, flaring portion of hip bone)
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ili
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groin
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inguin
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loins, lower back
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lumb
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navel
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umbilic
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pelvis
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pelv
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spine
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spin
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chest
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thorac
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white
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albin or leuk
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green
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chlor
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color
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chrom
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yellow
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cirrh, jaund, or xanth
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blue
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cyan
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red
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erythr
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black
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melan
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gray; gray matter (of brain or spinal cord)
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poli
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extremity
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acr
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cause
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eti
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band, fasci (fibrous membrane supporting and separating muscles)
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fasci
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unknown, peculiar
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idi
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form, shape, structure
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morph
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disease
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path
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radiation, x-ray; radius (lower arm bone on thumb side)
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radi
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body
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somat
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sound
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son
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internal organs
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viscer
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dry
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xer
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study of
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logy
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specialist in the study of
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logist
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forming, producing, origin
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genesis
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knowing
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gnosis
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record, writing
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gram
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instrument for recording
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graph
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process of recording
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graphy
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instrument for measuring
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meter
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act of measuring
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metry
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from, away from
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ab
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toward
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ad
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below, under
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infra
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different
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hetero
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same, alike
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homo
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around
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peri
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upper, above
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super
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across, through
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trans
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excess, beyond
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ultra
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abnormal fibrous band that holds normally separated tissues together, usually occurring within a body cavity
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adhesion
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substance being analyzed or tested, generally by means of a chemical
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analyte
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in radiology, a substance that is injected into the body, introduced via catheter, or swallowed to facilitate radiographic imaging of internal structures
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contrast medium
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bursting open of a wound, especially a surgical abdominal wound
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dehiscence
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feverish; pertaining to a fever
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febrile
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relative constancy or equilibrium in the internal environment of the body
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homeostasis
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body defense against injury, infection, or allergy marked by redness, swelling, heat, pain, and sometimes, loss of function
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inflammation
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disease; pertaining to a disease
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morbid
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branch of medicine concerned with the use of radioactive substances for diagnosis, treatment, and research
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nuclear medicine
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medical discipline concerned with the use of electromagnetic radiation, ultrasound, and imaging techniques for diagnosis and treatment of disease and injury
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radiology
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medical imaging using external sources of radiation to evaluate body structures and functions of organs
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diagnostic
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use of imaging techniques in the nonsurgical treatment of various disorders, such as balloon angioplasty and cardiac catheterization
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interventional
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use of ionizing radiation in the treatment of malignant tumors; also called radiation oncology
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therapeutic
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substances that emit radiation spontaneously; also called tracers
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radionuclides
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radionuclide attached to a protein, sugar, or other substance that travels to the organ area of the body that will be scanned
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radiopharmaceutical
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term used to describe a computerized image by modality (such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance, and nuclear) or by structure (such as thyroid and bone)
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scan
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pathological state, usually febrile, resulting from the presence of microorganisms or their products in the bloodstream
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sepsis
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producing or associated with generation of pus
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suppurative
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visual examination of a cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument
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endoscopy
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visual examination of the organs of the pelvis and abdomen through very small incisions in the abdominal wall
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laparoscopy
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examination of the lungs, pleura, and pleural space with a scope inserted through a small incision between the ribs
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thoracoscopy
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common blood test that enumerates red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets; measures hemoglobin
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complete blood count
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common urine test that evaluates the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine
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urinalysis
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imaging technique achieved by rotating an x-ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measuring the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles
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computed tomography (CT) scan
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radiographic technique in which x-rays are directed through the body to a fluorescent screen that displays continuous imaging of the motion of internal structures and immediate serial images
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fluoroscopy
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noninvasive imaging technique that uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field
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magnetic resonance imaging
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diagnostic technique that uses a radioactive material introduced into the body and a scanning device to determine size, shape, location, and function of various organs and structures
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nuclear scan
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scan using computed tomography to record the positrons (positive charged particles) emitted from a radiopharmaceutical, producing a cross-sectional image of matabolic activity in body tissues
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positron emission tomography (PET)
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image produced when an x-ray is passed through the body or area and captured on a film;
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radiography
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noninvasive imaging technique that provides clear, three dimensional pictures of a major organ by injecting a radionuclide and detecting the emitted radiation using a special deviced
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single photon emission computed tomography
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radiographic technique that produces an image representing a detailed cross-section or "slice" of an area
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tomography
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image produced by high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) and displaying the reflected "echoes" on a monitor
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ultrasonography
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representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination, usually to establish a diagnosis
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biopsy
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removal of a part, pathway, or function by surgery, chemical destruction, electrocautery, freezing, or radiofrequency
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ablation
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surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another
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anastomosis
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destroy tissue by electricity, freezing, heat, or corrosive chemicals
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cauterize
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scraping of a body cavity with a spoon-shaped instrument
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curettage
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incision made to allow free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a wound or cavity
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incision and drainage
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surgical technique employing a device that emits intense heat and power at close range to cut, burn, vaporize, or destroy tissues
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laser surgery
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surgical removal of tissue in an extensive area surrounding the surgical site in an attempt to excise all tissue that may be malignant
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radical dissection
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partial excision of a bone, organ, or other structure
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resection
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ant
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anterior
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AP
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anteroposterior
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Bx, bx
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biopsy
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CT
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computer tomography
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CT scan, CAT scan
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computed (axial) tomography scan
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DSA
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digital subtraction angiography
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Dx
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diagnosis
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LAT,lat
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lateral
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LLQ
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left lower quadrant
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LUQ
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left upper quadrant
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MRI
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magnetic resonance imaging
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PA
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posteroanterior; pernicious anemia
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PET
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positron emission tomography
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post
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posterior
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RLQ
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right lower quadrant
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RUQ
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right upper quadrant
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sono
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sonogram
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SPECT
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single photon emission computed tomography
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Sx
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symptom
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Tx
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treatment
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U&L, U/L
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upper and lower
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US
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ultrasound
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fatty; pertaining to fat
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adipose
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generic term for an agent, usually a hormone
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androgen
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indicating a position; pertaining to the back or posterior
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dorsal
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a very small duct
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ductule
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relative constancy or equilibrium in the internal environment of the body, which is maintained by the ever-changing process of feedback and regulation
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homeostasis
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subcutaneous tissue layer below the dermis
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hypodermis
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a covering (the skin) consisting of the epidermis and dermis
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integument
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pertaining to the entire body rather than one of its individual parts
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systemic
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adip
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fat
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lip
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fat
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steat
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fat
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cutane
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skin
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dermat
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skin
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derm
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skin
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hidr
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sweat
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sudor
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sweat
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ichthy
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dry, scaly
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horny tissue; hard; cornea
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kerat
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melan
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black
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myc
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fungus (plural fungi)
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onych
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nail
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ungu
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nail
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pil
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hair
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trich
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hair
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hardening
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scler
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sebum, sebaceous
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seb
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scale
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squam
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foreign, strange
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xen
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xer
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dry
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cyte
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cell
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derma
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skin
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specialist in the study of
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logist
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study of
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logy
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treatment
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therapy
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without, not
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an
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through, across
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dia
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above, upon
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epi
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homo
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some
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hyper
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excessive, above normal
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sub
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under, below
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walled cavity containing pus and surrounded by inflamed or necrotic tissue
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abscess
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inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin
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acne
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characterized by comedones (blackheads), papules, and pustules
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acne vulgaris
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form of intraepidermal carcinoma
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Bowen disease
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deep-seated pyogenic infection of the skin usually involving subcutaneous tissues
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carbuncle
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diffues (widespread), acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue
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cellulitis
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pigmentary skin discoloration usually occuring in yellowish-brown patches or spots
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chloasma
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typical small skin lesion of acne vulgaris caused by accumulation of keratin, bacteria, and dried sebum plugging an excretory duct of the skin
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comedo
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skin ulcertaion caused by prolonged pressure, usually in a person who is bedridden
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decubitus ulcer
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fungal infection of the skin
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dermatomycosis
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skin discoloration consisting of a large, irregulary formed hemorrhagic area
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ecchymosis
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acute or chronic skin inflammation characterized by erythema
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eczema
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redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries
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erythema
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damaged tissue following a severe burn
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eschar
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bacterial infection of a hair follicle or sebaceous gland that produces a pus filled lesion commonly called a boil
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furuncle
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condition characterized by the excessive growth of hair or presence of hair in unusual places
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hirsutism
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inflammatory skin disease characterize by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture
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impetigo
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thickened area of the epidermis; any horny growth on the skin
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keratosis
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small brown macules, especially on the face and arms
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lentigo
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unnatural paleness or absence of color in the skin
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pallor
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