Hdfs Exam 2

Front 1

Zygote, Embryo, Fetus

Back 1

Zygote - fetilized egg

Embryo - implantation in uterus, embryonic period ends at about 2 months

Fetus - organs are present, not fully developed

Front 2

Reaction Range

Back 2

A range of probable levels for a specific trait that are likely given the child's genetics and the quality of the childrearing environment

Front 3

Ethical Dilemmas: ART

Back 3

1. Inequitable access to technology

2. Advanced age pregnancy

3. Parenting - surrogate?

4. Use of embyros

Front 4

Quickening

Back 4

1st time woman starts to feel her baby move inside

Front 5

Placenta

Back 5

Organ that provides nutrients for embryo and expels waste, comes out at birth

Front 6

Teratogens

Back 6

Agents that can produce malformations in the fetus while the tissues and organs are forming (viruses, medicine, alcohol, drugs) - especially sensitive in the 1st trimester**

Front 7

Vernix

Back 7

Cheesy coating that protects the skin of the fetus

Front 8

Infanty mortality rate

Back 8

Number of deaths during 1st year of life/1000 births. U.S 2006 = 6.7

Front 9

Apgar Scoring

Back 9

5 life signs are scored on a scale of 0 to 2 right after birth, score of 7-10 means good condition: heart rate, body color, respiratory effect, muscle tone, reflex irritability

Front 10

What is considered low-birth weight?

Back 10

Less than 5.5 pounds

Front 11

Preterm babies and self-regulation

Back 11

Not as good at self-regulating because they don't spend enough time in the uterine environment, which supports self-regulating behaviors

Front 12

Developmental Tasks: Infancy

Back 12

1. Sensory/perceptual development

2. Motor development

3. Temperment

4. Attachment

5. Emotional development

Front 13

Define: Habituation

Back 13

An infant's response decreases after each presentation of an identical stimulus

Front 14

Define: Attachment

Back 14

Process of developing specific, positive emotional bonds with others

Front 15

Define: Stranger Anxiety

Back 15

A baby's discomfort or tension in the presence of unfamiliar adults

Front 16

The Strange Situation

Back 16

Laboratory study where baby's reactions are observed to various situations - mother leaving, a new person coming in

Front 17

Psychosocial Crisis: Infancy

Back 17

Trust v. mistrust

Front 18

Central Process: Infancy

Back 18

Mutuality with caregiver

Front 19

Coping Mechanisms: Infancy

Back 19

PAEQ - Hope

CP - Withdrawal

Front 20

Developmental Tasks: Toddlerhood

Back 20

Locomotion

Fantasy Play

Language

Self Control

Front 21

Psychosocial Crisis: Toddlerhood

Back 21

Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt

Front 22

Define: Semiotic Thinking

Back 22

Representational, understanding that one thing can stand for another - symbols and signs PRE-OPERATIONAL

Front 23

Define: Communicative Competence

Back 23

Be able to communicate effectively in the language environment using all aspects of language - vocab, sentence formation, grammar, sounds

Front 24

Define: Telegraphic Speech

Back 24

2-word sentences essential to communicate what a toddler intends to say

Front 25

Why is reading important?

Back 25

It expands a child's vocab and speech, literacy, learning beyond direct experience

Front 26

Central Process: Toddlerhood

Back 26

Imitation - action shifts from model to imitator

Front 27

Coping Mechanisms: Toddlerhood

Back 27

PAEQ = Will, the capacity to direct and control action

CP = Compulsion, repetitive behaviors motivated by impulse or restrictions of it