Gastrointestinal System

Front 1

Monogastric stomach regions listed in anatomical order from esophagus to small intestine

Back 1

1. Esophageal region

2. cardia

3. fundus

4. body

5. pyloric antrum

6. pylorus

Front 2

The esophageal region contains the what

Back 2

Cardia

Front 3

What does the cardia do?

Back 3

Contains mucous glands secrete mucus but not digestive enzymes

Front 4

Fundic region or fundus

Back 4

Book of the simple stomach contains most of the gastric glands digestive glands that produce gastric juice

Front 5

What is contained in gastric juice

Back 5

Hydrochloric acid or HCL, pepsin, and intrinsic factor

Front 6

Hydrochloric acid

Back 6

Breaks down organic and inorganic material

Front 7

Pepsin

Back 7

Well known digestive enzyme

Front 8

Intrinsic factor

Back 8

Required for vitamin B-12 absorption in the intestines

Front 9

The body of the stomach

Back 9

Distended malaria situated in the middle portion of the stomach

Front 10

Pyloric region

Back 10

Last region of the stomach sometimes called the pyloric antrum

Front 11

Pylorus

Back 11

Contains the pyloric sphincter

Front 12

Pyloric sphincter

Back 12

Helps regulate the passage of food from the stomach into the small intestines

Front 13

Chyme

Back 13

The resulting food that leaves the stomach and passes into the intestines

Front 14

What is the stomach's Main blood-supply

Back 14

Celiac artery comes from the abdominal aorta

Front 15

What vein leaves the stomach

Back 15

The vein that leaves the stomach joins the portal vein as it travels to liver

Front 16

Small intestines can be divided into three major divisions

Back 16

1. Duodenum

2. jejunum

3. ileum

Front 17

Mesentery

Back 17

The intestines are held in place by the folds of membranous tissue that arise from the peritoneum

Front 18

Prehension

Back 18

1st digestive process, grabbing food with lips and putting it in mouth

Front 19

Mastication

Back 19

Digestive process where food is broken down into smaller particles by the act of chewing

Front 20

What is chewed up food called

Back 20

Bolus

Front 21

Deglutition

Back 21

Swallowing

Front 22

Swallowing happens in three phases

Back 22

1. Voluntary response, to swallow

2. Involuntary pharyngeal response, reflex that's brought on by the pressure the food at the pharynx

3. Involuntary esophageal response, stimulation of the peristalsis

Front 23

Hydrolysis

Back 23

The process by which carbon bonds are broken

Front 24

Enzymes

Back 24

Proteins produced throughout the body

Front 25

How to enzymes aid in digestion

Back 25

Their key to the chemical digestion of food and are produced by glandular tissue in various parts of the digestive system

Front 26

Where would digestive enzymes be found

Back 26

Salivary glands, stomach, intestines, pancreas

Front 27

What are the three categories of enzymes in the digestive tract

Back 27

1. Protease

2. Lipase

3. Amylase

Front 28

Protease enzyme

Back 28

Breaks down proteins

Front 29

Lipase enzyme

Back 29

Breaks down fat molecules

Front 30

Amylase enzyme

Back 30

Breaks down carbohydrates

Front 31

What hormones are secreted from food entering the duodenum

Back 31

Secretin, cholecytokinin(CCK)

Front 32

Secretin and cck will stimulate secretions of what enzymes

Back 32

Pancreatic enzymes

Front 33

Cck

Back 33

Stimulates contraction of the gallbladder to release bile into the duodenum

Front 34

Lipase

Back 34

Pancreas produces this which breaks down fats into triglycerides fatty acids and glycerol

Front 35

, amylase

Back 35

Pancreas produces which breaks down starches into sugars

Front 36

Luminal digestion

Back 36

Where enzymatic digestion occurs in the lumen

Front 37

Bile

Back 37

Helps break down fat globules into smaller fat globules a process known as emulsification

Front 38

The large intestine has four main parts

Back 38

1. Cecum

2. Colon

3. Rectum

4. Anus

Front 39

Cecum

Back 39

Blind sac ejecting from the colon that is used for fermentation

Front 40

Large intestine versus small intestine

Back 40

Large intestine has absorptive functions but not digestive functions

Front 41

What are the four accessory digestive organs

Back 41

1. Pancreas

2. Liver

3. gallbladder

4. biliary ducts

Front 42

What is the pancreas do

Back 42

It secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon which secrete digestive enzymes which help break down food

Front 43

What does the liver do?

Back 43

Detoxification of minerals in the blood filters the blood remove bacteria from the blood

Front 44

Dog

Back 44

1. Stomach

2. Small intestines

3. cecum

4. Ascending colon

5. Descending colon

Front 45

Horse

Back 45

1. Stomach2. Small intestines3. cecum4. Ascending colon 5. Descending colon

Front 46

Back 46

1. Stomach2. Small intestines3. cecum4. Ascending colon 5. Descending colon

Front 47

Teeth

Back 47

Front 48

Comparative dental arcades

Back 48

Canine

Front 49

Comparative dental arcades

Back 49

Porcine

Front 50

Comparative dental arcades

Back 50

Feline

Front 51

Comparative dental arcades

Back 51

Bovine

Front 52

Comparative dental arcades

Back 52

Equine