Fundamentals Of Speech Communication Exam 1

Front 1

Name some different forms of communication

Back 1

Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, Small Group, Public Speaking, Mass Comm., Computer Mediated

Front 2

Name some purposes of Communication

Back 2

Discovery
Relate
Help
Persuade
Play

Front 3

Name the elements of Communication

Back 3

Messages
Noise
Channels
Source Receiver
Effect

Front 4

Principals of Communication

Back 4

Package of symbols
Process of adjustment
Content and relationship
Ambiguous (unclear)
Punctuated
Symmetry and complimentary
Inevitable and irreversible

Front 5

Course of language development

Back 5

6mo-2yr: phonological and semantic development
2yr and up: morphology
Early school age: pragmatics, linguistics, competence
Later school age: literacy and decontextualized language

Front 6

Define phonology

Back 6

sounds in a given language; smallest unit being a phoneme

Front 7

Define morphology

Back 7

combining and changing phonemes to produce new words; smallest unit being morpheme

Front 8

Types of morphology

Back 8

Free: stand alone (cat)
Bound: must be combined (-ed, -ness, pre-)
Derivational: creates new words (happy = happiness)

Front 9

Define Syntax

Back 9

correct ordering of words into a sentence

Front 10

Define Semantics

Back 10

meaning of words

Front 11

Define Pragmatics

Back 11

dealing with language in use and the contexts in which it is used, taking turns in conversation, text organization, and implicature.

Front 12

Define the Scientific Method

Back 12

Hypothesis
Experiment and control group
Independent and dependent variables
Randomization of test subjects
Standardize procedures

Front 13

Define non-verbal communication

Back 13

-information separate from words direct meaning, between people, through various channels
-occurs all the time, without intention
-meaning changes dependent on time and place

Front 14

Channels of non-verbal communication

Back 14

-kinetics (body): gestures, body language, attractiveness
-face and eyes: not just smiling, but also staring, and lack of attention
-proxemics (space): intimate, personal, social, and public
-artifactual (clothing, color, jewelry, tattoos, etc.): consider sub-culture, what they do to make themselves different?
-haptics (touch)
-paralanguage (not what you say, how you say it): tone, sarcasm, info, etc.

Front 15

Define Interpersonal communication

Back 15

-communication between 2 people
-includes acquaintances, friends, romantic partners, work, school colleagues

Front 16

Define the Six Stage Relationship model

Back 16

1. Initial contact: seeing, meeting
2. Involvement: getting to know each other
3. Intimacy: close friendship, romance
4. Deterioration: dissatisfaction, which leads to...
5. Repair: internal changes led to interpersonal ones
6. Dissolution: pair then social

Front 17

Describe some relationship theories

Back 17

-attraction theory: similarity, proximity, reinforcement, physical attraction
-relationship rules theory: for friends, romantic. family, work
-relationship dialects theory: dynamic tensions (relationship between 2)
-social exchange/equity theory: what do you get?

Front 18

Key Elements of Interpersonal conflict

Back 18

1. An expressed struggle
2. Between at least 2 people
3. With the perception of incompatible goal, scarce resources
4. With the purpose of achieving a goal

Front 19

Name some basic conflict myths

Back 19

-conflict is a sign of poor interpersonal relations
-conflict CAN be avoided
-conflict is always because of misunderstanding
-conflict can ALWAYS be resumed

Front 20

Name some conflict triggers

Back 20

-entitlement
-fairness
-dialect tensions (when 2 things are wanted at once)
-controversial
-power

Front 21

Interpersonal conflict types

Back 21

-Pseudo conflict: basic misunderstandings
-Simple conflict: actual differences of opinion
-Ego conflict: personal attacks, no longer about differences, but goals, plans, and opinions

Front 22

Define Interpersonal Power

Back 22

degree to which a person can influence or control another person in the relationship

Front 23

Sources of Power in Interpersonal conflict

Back 23

Legitimate: social status or position
Referent: charisma or positive feelings
Expert: greater knowledge and expertise
Reward: ability to give you something you want

Front 24

Conflict management styles

Back 24

Avoidance
Accommodation
Competition
Compromise
Collaboration

Front 25

Define Hall's High-Low Context Cultural Taxonomy

Back 25

-culture tells humans which stimuli are important and how to respond to them
-cultures differ on a continuum
high:
-messages carry shared understanding
-reserved reactions
-time is open, flexible
-easy to determine membership
-emphasis on a group

low:
-messages need to be stated explicitly
-observable reactions
-time is structured
-hard to determine membership
-emphasis on individual

Front 26

Define Hofstead's Cultural Taxonomy

Back 26

-people develop "mental programs" during childhood, which are reinforced by culture
- seven dimensions
1. power distance
2. uncertainty avoidance
3. individualism versus collectiveness
4. masculinity vs. femininity
5. long vs. short term
6. indulgence vs. restraint
7. monumentalism vs. self-effacement