Fluid, Electrolyte, And Acid/base Balance: T Or F

Front 1

An acid is a chemical compund that liberates "hydrogen" ions into a solution.

Back 1

True

Front 2

A normal adult male has about "forty" percent body weight of water.

Back 2

False

Front 3

The extracellular fluid compartment of the body consists of all the body area "outside" the cells.

Back 3

True

Front 4

About one-quarter of the "intracellular" fluid compartment of the body is blood plasma.

Back 4

False, extracellular

Front 5

The transcellular fluid is separated from other body fluids by layers of "muscle" cells.

Back 5

False, epithelial

Front 6

Interstitial fluid is generally "rich" in protein.

Back 6

False, poor

Front 7

In general terms, the amount of water leaving the body "exceeds" the amount of water entering the body.

Back 7

False, equals

Front 8

When ions are lost from the extracellular environment, water tends to flow through the cell membrane "out of" the cells.

Back 8

False, into

Front 9

Excess fluid and protein may be removed from the interstitial fluid by the "circulatory" system to establish homeostasis.

Back 9

False, lymphatic

Front 10

A nerve center in the "thalamus" in the brain is the location of osmoreceptors involved in fluid regulation.

Back 10

False, hypothalamus

Front 11

An increase in the amount of ADH in the tubules of the kidney results in an "increase" in the amount of urine expelled by the kidney.

Back 11

False, decrease

Front 12

"Boyle's" law states the directions that fluids flow between the capillary and interstitial fluid.

Back 12

False, Starling's

Front 13

The pressure exerted by water in the blood is the "colloid osmotic" pressure of the blood.

Back 13

False, hydrostatic

Front 14

At the arteriole end of the capillary, water leaves the capillary because the hydrostatic pressure is "higher" than the colloid osmotic pressure.

Back 14

True

Front 15

Edema is the presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid in the "interstitial tissue spaces" caused by high blood pressure or other circumstances.

Back 15

True

Front 16

"Anions" are ions such as sodium ions that carry a positive charge.

Back 16

False, cations

Front 17

When the volume of blood is low, the substance "angiotensin" is released from the nephron of the kidney.

Back 17

False, renin

Front 18

The substance angiotensin II stimulates thirst and "inhibits" the secretion of antidiuretic hormone and ACTH.

Back 18

False, stimulates

Front 19

The hormone aldosterone regulates the body's level of sodium ions and "calcium" ions.

Back 19

False, potassium

Front 20

"Chloride" ions have roles in blood clot formation, muscle contration, nerve conduction, and the construction of bones and teeth.

Back 20

False, calcium

Front 21

In a buffer system, a strong base will react with a "strong" acid to minimize a basic shift.

Back 21

False, weak

Front 22

The most powerful buffer system in the body is the "sodium chloride" buffer system.

Back 22

False, protein

Front 23

Increased metabolism in body cells leads to a "decrease" in the concentration of carbonic acid in the blood.

Back 23

False, increase

Front 24

The acid/base status of the body is evaluated in system "venous" blood.

Back 24

False, arterial

Front 25

When the pH of the blood drops below 7.35, a condition known as "acidosis" results.

Back 25

True