Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
secretions
|
hormones (chemical messengers) that are essential for normal body functions
1. released into interstitial fluids where they move into the blood stream 2. may travel far to target organ with target cells |
|
|
components of the endocrine system
|
scatterend glands and cell clusters with rich blood supply
|
|
|
4 major functions of endocrine system
|
1. involved in reproduction- gamete production, fertalization, embryo nourishment
2. promote homeostasis in normal situations 3. promote homeostasis in emergency situations 4. growth regulation (type and rate of body tissue growth) |
|
|
names of the endocrine glands
|
1 pituitary gland
2 thyroid gland 3 parathyroid glands 4 adrenal glands 5 pancreas 6 ovaries 7 testes 8 pineal body 9 thymus gland 10 placenta |
|
|
pituitary gland
|
-Master gland
-pea sized -attatched by stalk to median eminence of tuber cinereum (part of hypothalmus) -lies in sella turcica of sphenoid bone |
|
|
2 parts of pituitary gland
|
adenohypophysis (75%) ant. glandular part
neurohyphosis (25%) post. neural part |
|
|
thyroid gland
|
-butterfly shaped
-in anterior part of neck along side lanynx and trachea -thyroid follicles w/ cells, follicle cavity and colloid C or parafollicular cells: calcitonin |
|
|
lobes of the thyroid gland
|
bilateral lobes w/ an isthmus
pyramidal lobe if present extending upward from isthmus |
|
|
parathyroid glands
|
-4 small oval bodies
-embedded on posterior surface of lateral lobes of thyroid gland principle or chief cells: parathyroid hormone blood calcium |
|
|
adrenal (suparenal) glands
|
-paired organs situated near upper poles of kidneys
-embedded in perirenal fat adrenal cortex and medulla |
|
|
adrenal cortex
|
part of the adrenal gland
-zona glomerulosa (15%) -zona fasculata(78%) zona reticularis (7%) |
|
|
adrenal medulla
|
part of adrenal glands
-chromaffin cells/pheochromocytes |
|
|
pancreas
|
heterocrine gland (exocrine and endocrine)
-large, flattened digestive gland b/t duodenum and spleen -endocrine portion=pancreatic islets 1% of pancreatic cell pop. 2 million islets: 20-30% alpha 60-80% beta 2-8% delta pancreatic polypeptides |
|
|
ovaries
|
follicle, corpeus luteum
|
|
|
testes
|
interstitial cells
|
|
|
pineal body gland
(epiphysis cerebri) |
small, cone-shaped gland
1/4 inch long attatched by stalk to room of diecephalon (part of brain) pinealocytes |
|
|
thymus
|
much larger in children than adults
broad, flat, bilobed lymphatic organ in inferior neck and superior mediastinum |
|
|
placenta
|
temporary
2 components: 1.decidua capsularis and basalis of endometrium of uterus 2. chorion, an extraembryonic membrane formed by the embryo (developed from trohpoblast) |
|
|
other endocrine structures
|
stomach-enteroendocrine cells
small intestine- enterendocrine cells kidneys heart liver |
